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全球在“新常态”下共享 COVID-19 疗法。

Global sharing of COVID-19 therapies during a "New Normal".

机构信息

Department of Bioethics and Humanities, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States.

Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.

出版信息

Bioethics. 2022 Jul;36(6):699-707. doi: 10.1111/bioe.13028. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Abstract

This paper argues for global sharing of COVID-19 treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond based on principles of global solidarity. It starts by distinguishing two types of COVID-19 treatments and models sharing strategies for each in small-group scenarios, contrasting groups that are solidaristic with those composed of self-interest maximizers to show the appeal of solidaristic reasoning. It then extends the analysis, arguing that a similar logic should apply within and between nations. To further elaborate global solidarity, the paper distinguishes morally voluntary, sliding-scale, and mandatory versions. It argues for an all-hands-on-deck approach and gives examples to illustrate. The paper concludes that during the COVID-19 crisis, global solidarity is a core value, and global sharing of COVID-19 treatments should be considered a duty of justice, not of charity.

摘要

本文基于全球团结原则,主张在 COVID-19 大流行期间及以后,将 COVID-19 治疗方法在全球范围内共享。本文首先区分了两种 COVID-19 治疗方法,并为每种方法制定了小团体情景下的共享策略,将团结的群体与以自身利益最大化为导向的群体进行对比,以展示团结推理的吸引力。然后,本文将分析扩展到国家内部和国家之间,认为类似的逻辑应该适用。为了进一步阐述全球团结,本文区分了道德自愿、滑动比例和强制性版本。本文主张采取全力以赴的方法,并举例说明。本文得出结论,在 COVID-19 危机期间,全球团结是一项核心价值,全球共享 COVID-19 治疗方法应被视为正义的责任,而不是慈善的责任。

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