Tesch H, König W, Frickhofen N
Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1979;58(4):436-46.
An eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) can be released from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by arachidonic acid (AA), its methyl ester, but not by other derivatives such as AA ethyl ester and arachidonyl acetate. The ECF is highly specific for eosinophils and does not attract polymorphonuclear neutrophils. A dose-dependent non-cytotoxic ECF release induced by AA can be obtained from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils from a lymphocyte-monocyte-basophil suspension, from rat basophil leukemia cells, but not from human lymphocytes. Kinetic studies demonstrate that ECF release occurs rapidly with an early rise and steep fall-off at later times of secretion. The amount of ECF release is dependent on pH, temperature and medium which is used for stimulation. Gel filtration analysis as well as subcellular fractionation studies suggest that the AA-induced ECF is a biological activity either distinct from AA and its split products or representing a known or unknown conversion product of AA with potent effects on eosinophils at minimal concentrations. AA may therefore represent an important mechanism of cell activation.
花生四烯酸（AA）及其甲酯可使人多形核中性粒细胞释放嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子（ECF），而其他衍生物如AA乙酯和花生四烯酸乙酸酯则不能。该ECF对嗜酸性粒细胞具有高度特异性，不会吸引多形核中性粒细胞。从淋巴细胞 - 单核细胞 - 嗜碱性粒细胞悬液中的人多形核中性粒细胞、大鼠嗜碱性白血病细胞中可获得由AA诱导的剂量依赖性非细胞毒性ECF释放，但从人淋巴细胞中则不能。动力学研究表明，ECF释放迅速，分泌早期上升，后期急剧下降。ECF释放量取决于用于刺激的pH值、温度和培养基。凝胶过滤分析以及亚细胞分级分离研究表明，AA诱导产生ECF是一种生物活性，要么与AA及其裂解产物不同，要么代表AA的一种已知或未知的转化产物，在最低浓度下对嗜酸性粒细胞有显著作用。因此，AA可能代表细胞活化的重要机制。
