Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Clinic for Psychosis and Dependence, PZM Psychiatry Center Münsingen AG, Switzerland.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2022 Apr;111(6):e333-e337. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003874.
The non-medical use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is widespread in the fitness and bodybuilding scene. The reasons for IPED use are often hedonistic in nature and they are used in so-called "cycles" over several weeks. The most common side effects are: testicular atrophy, acne, hypersexuality, hypertension, gynecomastia, lipid metabolism disorders, mood swings, hair loss, and policythemia. Common consequences following IPED use are: decreased libido, oligo- or azoospermia, and erectile dysfunction. To reduce undesirable side effects and consequences, IPED users often take medications for self-treatment; occasionally IPED users also mention such medications and ask for them in the general medical practice.
非医疗用途的影像增强药物（IPEDs）在健身和健美领域广泛使用。使用 IPED 的原因通常是享乐主义性质的，并且它们在数周的所谓“周期”中使用。最常见的副作用是：睾丸萎缩、痤疮、性欲亢进、高血压、男性乳房发育、脂代谢紊乱、情绪波动、脱发和体温过高。使用 IPED 后的常见后果是：性欲降低、少精症或无精症以及勃起功能障碍。为了减少不良的副作用和后果，IPED 用户经常自行服用药物进行治疗；偶尔 IPED 用户也会提到这些药物，并在一般的医疗实践中要求使用这些药物。
