Programa de Pós-graduação Acadêmico em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Centro de Educação, Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Curso de Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Educação, Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2022 Apr 20;31(2):e000922. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612022022. eCollection 2022.
Our aim was to assess endoparasite diversity and liver alterations in Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (jeju) and Cichlasoma bimaculatum (acará preto) in a quilombola area in Maranhão, Brazil. For this, 21 H. unitaeniatus and 21 C. bimaculatum were caught in a natural environment and transported to a laboratory. After these had been euthanized, endoparasites were collected and identified. Liver alterations were evaluated histological analysis based on the severity of each lesion: stage I, organ functioning not compromised; stage II, more severe lesions that impair normal functioning of the organs; and stage III, very severe and irreversible lesions. Among the fish evaluated, 71.43% H. unitaeniatus and 61.90% C. bimaculatum were parasitized. Contracaecum sp. was found in both species; while acanthocephalans, only in H. unitaeniatus. The alterations were vacuolization, nucleus in the cell periphery, deformation of the cell outline, melanomacrophage center, hyperemia, cytoplasmic degeneration and nuclear vacuolization. Through calculating a histological alteration index, it was found that 26.19% of the specimens presented lesions in stage I; 38.09% lesions in stage II and 9.52% lesions in stage III. It was concluded that there is high prevalence of Contracaecum sp. and that the liver lesions may be adaptive responses by the fish to endoparasitic infection.
本研究旨在评估巴西马拉若岛一个 quilombola 地区密西西比鲈（jeju）和虹彩鲷（acará preto）的内寄生虫多样性和肝脏变化。为此，我们在自然环境中捕获了 21 条密西西比鲈和 21 条虹彩鲷，并将它们运送到实验室。这些鱼被安乐死后，我们收集了内寄生虫并进行了鉴定。根据每个病变的严重程度，我们通过组织学分析评估了肝脏变化：I 期，器官功能未受损；II 期，病变更严重，损害器官的正常功能；III 期，非常严重和不可逆转的病变。在所评估的鱼类中，71.43%的密西西比鲈和 61.90%的虹彩鲷被寄生虫感染。两种鱼都发现了 Contracaecum sp.；而棘头虫，仅在密西西比鲈中发现。病变包括空泡化、细胞核位于细胞边缘、细胞轮廓变形、黑色素巨噬细胞中心、充血、细胞质变性和核空泡化。通过计算组织学改变指数，发现 26.19%的标本病变处于 I 期；38.09%的标本病变处于 II 期，9.52%的标本病变处于 III 期。综上所述，密西西比鲈中 Contracaecum sp. 的流行率很高，而肝脏病变可能是鱼类对内寄生虫感染的适应性反应。
