Dóra Balázs, Sticlet Doru, Moca Cătălin Paşcu
Department of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
MTA-BME Lendület Topology and Correlation Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Apr 8;128(14):146804. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.146804.
We consider a PT-symmetric Fermi gas with an exceptional point, representing the critical point between PT-symmetric and symmetry broken phases. The low energy spectrum remains linear in momentum and is identical to that of a Hermitian Fermi gas. The fermionic Green's function decays in a power law fashion for large distances, as expected from gapless excitations, although the exponent is reduced from -1 due to the quantum Zeno effect. In spite of the gapless nature of the excitations, the ground state entanglement entropy saturates to a finite value, independent of the subsystem size due to the non-Hermitian correlation length intrinsic to the system. Attractive or repulsive interaction drives the system into the PT-symmetry broken regime or opens up a gap and protects PT symmetry, respectively. Our results challenge the concept of universality in non-Hermitian systems, where quantum criticality can be masked due to non-Hermiticity.
我们考虑一种具有例外点的PT对称费米气体,该例外点代表PT对称相和对称破缺相之间的临界点。低能谱在动量上仍保持线性,并且与厄米费米气体的低能谱相同。对于大距离,费米子格林函数以幂律方式衰减,这与无隙激发的预期一致,尽管由于量子芝诺效应,指数从-1减小。尽管激发具有无隙性质,但由于系统固有的非厄米关联长度,基态纠缠熵饱和到一个有限值,与子系统大小无关。吸引或排斥相互作用分别将系统驱动到PT对称破缺 regime 或打开一个能隙并保护PT对称性。我们的结果挑战了非厄米系统中的普遍性概念,在该概念中,由于非厄米性,量子临界性可能会被掩盖。