Laboratory of Desalination and Nature Water Valorization, Centre of Water Researches and Technologies (CERTE), B.P. 273, Soliman 8020, Tunisia.
CIRAD, UPR HortSys, F-34398 Montpellier, France; HortSys, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; ELSA, Research group for environmental life cycle sustainability assessment, 2 place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 25;836:155486. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155486. Epub 2022 Apr 25.
This study presents a decision support tool that evaluates the environmental efficiency of water reclamation for agricultural irrigation, among other options. The developed tool is published as open source at https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/YLP1BA. The objective of this decision support tool is to facilitate the interpretation of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results. This framework was applied to a representative case of reuse of reclaimed water for vine irrigation at the Murviel-Les-Montpellier experimental site (Hérault, France). It was then generalized through modeling assumptions to consider different reuse scenarios. To highlight situations in which the supply of recycled water for irrigation may or may not provide significant environmental benefits, three main parameters were varied: (i) tertiary treatment technologies, (ii) availability of conventional water sources, (iii) energy mix composition. The results show that the environmental impact of reclaimed water depends directly on the type of tertiary treatment technology and the location of the treatment plant in relation to the field and other water sources. The decision support tool has identified where wastewater reuse is clearly an environmentally beneficial source of irrigation among surface and groundwater sources (e.g., WWTP closer to field than river, groundwater too deep, tertiary treatment environmentally beneficial). However, there are many situations where the decision support process cannot distinguish between water reuse for agricultural irrigation and conventional water sources, especially when the nutrient content of treated municipal wastewater is insufficient to offset the negative effects of high energy requirements and chemicals of tertiary treatment.
本研究提出了一种决策支持工具，用于评估农业灌溉回用水等替代方案的环境效率。该开发工具已在 https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/YLP1BA 上发布为开源工具。该决策支持工具的目的是便于解释生命周期评估（LCA）结果。该框架应用于蒙彼利埃穆尔维耶勒实验站（法国埃罗省）再生水用于灌溉葡萄的典型再利用案例。然后通过建模假设进行推广，以考虑不同的再利用场景。为了突出说明灌溉用再生水供应可能或不可能提供重大环境效益的情况，三个主要参数发生了变化：（i）三级处理技术，（ii）常规水源的可用性，（iii）能源组合成分。结果表明，再生水的环境影响直接取决于三级处理技术的类型以及处理厂相对于农田和其他水源的位置。决策支持工具确定了在何处废水再利用显然是灌溉的环境有益水源，包括地表水和地下水来源（例如，处理厂比河流更靠近农田，地下水太深，三级处理对环境有益）。然而，有许多情况，决策支持过程无法区分农业灌溉和常规水源的再利用，特别是当处理后的城市废水中的养分含量不足以抵消高能源需求和三级处理化学品的负面影响时。
