Cichoń Ewelina, Mielan Bartosz, Pamuła Elżbieta, Ślósarczyk Anna, Zima Aneta
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicza Av. 30 30-059 Krakow Poland
RSC Adv. 2021 Jul 6;11(39):23908-23921. doi: 10.1039/d1ra04266a.
A novel way of obtaining highly porous cements is foaming them with the use of nonionic surface active agents (surfactants). In this study, foamed calcium phosphate cements (fCPCs) intended for use were fabricated by a surfactant-assisted foaming process. Three different surface active agents, Tween 20, Tween 80 and Tetronic 90R4, were used. The amount of surfactant, based on its critical micelle concentration and cytotoxicity as well as foaming method, was determined. It has been established that in order to avoid cytotoxic effects the concentration of all applied surfactants in the cement liquid phases should not exceed 1.25 g L. It was found that Tetronic 90R4 had the lowest cytotoxicity whereas Tween 20 had the highest. The influence of the type of surfactant used in the fabrication process of bioactive macroporous cement on the physicochemical and biological properties of fCPCs was studied. The obtained materials reached higher than 50 vol% open porosity and possessed compressive strength which corresponds to the values for cancellous bone. The highest porosity and compressive strength was found for the material with the addition of Tween 80. investigations proved the chemical stability and high bioactive potential of the examined materials.
一种获得高孔隙率水泥的新方法是使用非离子表面活性剂对其进行发泡。在本研究中，通过表面活性剂辅助发泡工艺制备了用于使用的泡沫磷酸钙水泥（fCPCs）。使用了三种不同的表面活性剂，吐温20、吐温80和Tetronic 90R4。根据其临界胶束浓度、细胞毒性以及发泡方法确定了表面活性剂的用量。已经确定，为了避免细胞毒性作用，水泥液相中所有应用表面活性剂的浓度不应超过1.25 g/L。发现Tetronic 90R4的细胞毒性最低，而吐温20的细胞毒性最高。研究了生物活性大孔水泥制备过程中所用表面活性剂类型对fCPCs物理化学和生物学性能的影响。所获得的材料的开孔率高于50%，并且具有与松质骨值相当的抗压强度。添加吐温80的材料具有最高的孔隙率和抗压强度。研究证明了所检查材料的化学稳定性和高生物活性潜力。
