Ounjaijean Sakaewan, Somsak Voravuth
Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
Vet Med Int. 2022 Apr 18;2022:7626618. doi: 10.1155/2022/7626618. eCollection 2022.
Malaria is still a significant health problem in endemic countries and increases resistance to the available antimalarial drugs. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the antimalarial activity of allicin and its combination with artesunate (ART) against rodent malaria ANKA (PbANKA) infected mice. Allicin was prepared in 20% Tween-80. Balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1×10 PbANKA-infected erythrocytes and orally given by gavage with the chosen doses of 1, 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg of allicin and 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of ART once a day for 4 consecutive days. Effective dose 50 (ED) of allicin and ART was subsequently investigated. Moreover, the combination (1 : 1) of allicin and ART at the doses of their respective ED, ED 1/2, ED 1/4, and ED 1/8 was also carried out. The untreated control was given 20% Tween-80. The results showed that allicin presented a dose-dependent antimalarial activity with significance ( < 0.05). The ED values of allicin and ART were about 14 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. For combination, allicin and ART showed a synergistic effect at the combination doses of ED, ED 1/2, and ED 1/4 with significantly ( < 0.01) prevented reduction of packed cell volume, bodyweight loss, rapid dropping of rectal temperature, and markedly prolonged mean survival time, compared with the untreated control and single treatment. It can be concluded that allicin exerted potential antimalarial activity in single and its combination with ART.
疟疾在疟疾流行国家仍然是一个严重的健康问题，并且对现有的抗疟药物产生了耐药性。因此，本研究旨在探讨大蒜素及其与青蒿琥酯（ART）联合使用对感染啮齿动物疟疾ANKA（PbANKA）小鼠的抗疟活性。大蒜素用20%吐温-80配制。将Balb/c小鼠腹腔注射1×10个感染PbANKA的红细胞，并通过灌胃每天口服给予选定剂量的大蒜素（1、10、50和100mg/kg）和ART（1、5、10和20mg/kg），连续4天。随后研究了大蒜素和ART的半数有效剂量（ED50）。此外，还进行了大蒜素和ART在各自ED、ED1/2、ED1/4和ED1/8剂量下的联合使用（1∶1）。未处理的对照组给予20%吐温-80。结果表明，大蒜素呈现出剂量依赖性的抗疟活性，具有显著性（P<0.05）。大蒜素和ART的ED值分别约为14和5mg/kg。对于联合用药，大蒜素和ART在ED、ED1/2和ED1/4联合剂量下显示出协同作用，与未处理的对照组和单一治疗相比，显著（P<0.01）地防止了红细胞压积降低、体重减轻、直肠温度快速下降，并显著延长了平均存活时间。可以得出结论，大蒜素在单一使用及其与ART联合使用时均发挥了潜在的抗疟活性。
