Kitching Michael, Inguva Saikumar, Ramani Meghana, Gao Yina, Marsili Enrico, Cahill Paul
Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 11;13:813511. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.813511. eCollection 2022.
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic applications is a well-established process in microbial hosts such as bacterial, fungi, and plants. However, reports on AuNPs biosynthesis in mammalian cells are scarce. In this study, bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) were examined for their ability to synthesize AuNPs . Cell culture conditions such as buffer selection, serum concentration, and HAuCl concentration were optimized before the biosynthesized AuNPs were characterized through visible spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. BAECs and BASMC produced small, spherical AuNPs that are semi-crystalline with a similar diameter (23 ± 2 nm and 23 ± 4 nm). Hydrogen peroxide pretreatment increased AuNPs synthesis, suggesting that antioxidant enzymes may reduce Au ions as seen in microbial cells. However, buthionine sulfoximine inhibition of glutathione synthesis, a key regulator of oxidative stress, failed to affect AuNPs generation. Taken together, these results show that under the right synthesis conditions, non-tumor cell lines can produce detectable concentrations of AuNPs .
用于抗菌和化疗应用的金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）生物合成在诸如细菌、真菌和植物等微生物宿主中是一个成熟的过程。然而，关于在哺乳动物细胞中合成AuNPs的报道却很少。在本研究中，检测了牛主动脉内皮细胞（BAECs）和牛主动脉平滑肌细胞（BASMCs）合成AuNPs的能力。在通过可见光谱、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对生物合成的AuNPs进行表征之前，优化了细胞培养条件，如缓冲液选择、血清浓度和HAuCl浓度。BAECs和BASMC产生了小的球形AuNPs，它们是半结晶的，直径相似（23±2nm和23±4nm）。过氧化氢预处理增加了AuNPs的合成，这表明抗氧化酶可能像在微生物细胞中那样还原Au离子。然而，丁硫氨酸亚砜胺对氧化应激的关键调节因子谷胱甘肽合成的抑制未能影响AuNPs的生成。综上所述，这些结果表明，在合适的合成条件下，非肿瘤细胞系能够产生可检测浓度的AuNPs。
