Li Wen, Ura Kazuhiro, Takagi Yasuaki
Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-Cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan.
Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-Cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido, 041-8611, Japan.
Curr Res Food Sci. 2022 Apr 12;5:698-709. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.04.001. eCollection 2022.
Cartilage is primarily composed of proteoglycans and collagen. Bioactive compounds derived from animal cartilage, such as chondroitin sulfate and type II collagen, have multiple bioactivities and are incorporated in popular health products. The aging population and increases in degenerative and chronic diseases will stimulate the rapid growth of market demand for cartilage products. Commercial production of bioactive compounds primarily involves the cartilages of mammals and poultry. However, these traditional sources are associated zoonosis concerns; thus, cartilage products from the by-products of fish processing has gained increasing attention because of their high level of safety and other activities. In this review, we summarize the current state of research into fish-derived cartilage products and their application, and discuss future trends and tasks to encourage further expansion and exploitation. At present, shark cartilage is the primary source of marine cartilage. However, the number of shark catches is decreasing worldwide, owing to overfishing. This review considers the potential alternative fish cartilage sources for industrialization. Three keys, the sustainable production of fish, new fish-processing model, and market demand, have been discussed for the future realization of efficient fish cartilage use. The industrialization of fish-derived cartilage products is beneficial for achieving sustainable development of local economies and society.
软骨主要由蛋白聚糖和胶原蛋白组成。源自动物软骨的生物活性化合物，如硫酸软骨素和II型胶原蛋白，具有多种生物活性，并被用于流行的健康产品中。人口老龄化以及退行性和慢性疾病的增加将刺激软骨产品市场需求的快速增长。生物活性化合物的商业生产主要涉及哺乳动物和家禽的软骨。然而，这些传统来源存在人畜共患病问题；因此，鱼类加工副产品的软骨产品因其高度安全性和其他活性而越来越受到关注。在本综述中，我们总结了鱼类来源软骨产品及其应用的研究现状，并讨论了未来的趋势和任务，以鼓励进一步的扩展和开发。目前，鲨鱼软骨是海洋软骨的主要来源。然而，由于过度捕捞，全球鲨鱼捕获量正在减少。本综述考虑了工业化的潜在替代鱼类软骨来源。为了未来有效利用鱼类软骨，讨论了三个关键因素，即鱼类的可持续生产、新的鱼类加工模式和市场需求。鱼类来源软骨产品的工业化有利于实现地方经济和社会的可持续发展。
