The fabrication of TiO-supported clinoptilolite F contained hydrothermal etching and a resultant highly energetic {001} facet for the enhancement of its photocatalytic activity.

TiO-supported clinoptilolite (TiO/CP) was synthesized in the presence of F ions. Various characterizations demonstrated that the particle size of loaded TiO increased linearly with an increase in the temperature and concentration of F ions. In particular, the additive F ions were favored to produce the mutually independent co-exposed {001} and {101} facets of loaded TiO, while TiO/CPs synthesized in the absence of F ions were dominated by the thermodynamically stable {101} facet. As photocatalysts for the removal of crystal violet or methyl orange dyes under UV-irradiation in aqueous solutions, TiO/CPs (ACP6) synthesized in the presence of F ions significantly improved the degradation efficiency, as compared to ACP3 obtained in the absence of F ions. These results elucidated that the highly energetic {001} exposed facet, large particle size and fine dispersion of loaded TiO in TiO/CP accounts for its best photocatalytic performance. The effected mechanism of operational parameters on the degradation performances is proposed.