Riesenfeld A, Oliva H
Acta Anat (Basel). 1987;128(1):45-50. doi: 10.1159/000146313.
Inbred Fisher and Buffalo rats were exposed to nicotine and alcohol. Fertility was greatly reduced in both strains with nicotine treatments being much more deleterious than alcohol use. Fisher rats tolerated both toxins better than Buffalo rats. Both strains became 'extinct' after one generation of fetal and postnatal exposure to nicotine, but alcohol-ingesting Fisher rats had 3 or more generations of offspring. The total reproductive period was significantly shortened in both strains under the effect of both toxins, as was the total life span. The causes of the teratological effects of both toxins are inflammatory processes as evidenced by the presence of numerous lymphocytes and/or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Their presence occurs earlier in nicotine than in alcohol use and earlier in Buffalo than in Fisher rats, but the damage done during nicotine treatment is reversible when the procedure is terminated. Inflammation is not transmitted to the newborn offspring of nicotine- or alcohol-treated mothers, but occurs in neonates during the nursing period or later. There is considerable individual variation in the tolerance to both toxins. Experimental results and clinical observations show a sufficient number of similarities to justify the use of experimental data as a model for further studies on human subjects.
将近交系费希尔大鼠和布法罗大鼠暴露于尼古丁和酒精环境中。两种品系的生育能力均大幅下降，尼古丁处理比酒精使用的危害更大。费希尔大鼠对两种毒素的耐受性均优于布法罗大鼠。在经历一代胎儿期和出生后尼古丁暴露后，两种品系均“灭绝”，但摄入酒精的费希尔大鼠有三代或更多代后代。在两种毒素的作用下，两种品系的总生殖期和总寿命均显著缩短。两种毒素致畸作用的原因是炎症过程，大量淋巴细胞和/或多形核白细胞的存在证明了这一点。它们在尼古丁处理中的出现早于酒精使用，在布法罗大鼠中的出现早于费希尔大鼠，但尼古丁处理期间造成的损伤在处理终止后是可逆的。炎症不会传递给尼古丁或酒精处理过的母亲的新生后代，而是在哺乳期或更晚时出现在新生儿身上。对两种毒素的耐受性存在相当大的个体差异。实验结果和临床观察显示出足够多的相似之处，足以证明将实验数据用作进一步研究人类受试者的模型是合理的。
