Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore, India.
Department of Computational and Data Sciences, Laboratory for Structural Biology and Biocomputing, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
PLoS One. 2022 Apr 28;17(4):e0252173. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252173. eCollection 2022.
East Indian Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is highly valued for its heartwood and its oil. There have been no efforts to comparative study of high and low oil yielding genetically identical sandalwood trees grown in similar climatic condition. Thus we intend to study a genome wide transcriptome analysis to identify the corresponding genes involved in high oil biosynthesis in S. album. In this study, 15 years old S. album (SaSHc and SaSLc) genotypes were targeted for analysis to understand the contribution of genetic background on high oil biosynthesis in S. album. A total of 28,959187 and 25,598869 raw PE reads were generated by the Illumina sequencing. 2.12 million and 1.811 million coding sequences were obtained in respective accessions. Based on the GO terms, functional classification of the CDS 21262, & 18113 were assigned into 26 functional groups of three GO categories; (4,168; 3,641) for biological process (5,758;4,971) cellular component and (5,108;4,441) for molecular functions. Total 41,900 and 36,571 genes were functionally annotated and KEGG pathways of the DEGs resulted 213 metabolic pathways. In this, 14 pathways were involved in secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathway in S. album. Among 237 cytochrome families, nine groups of cytochromes were participated in high oil biosynthesis. 16,665 differentially expressed genes were commonly detected in both the accessions (SaHc and SaSLc). The results showed that 784 genes were upregulated and 339 genes were downregulated in SaHc whilst 635 upregulated 299 downregulated in SaSLc S. album. RNA-Seq results were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Maximum Blast hits were found to be against Vitis vinifera. From this study, we have identified additional number of cytochrome family in high oil yielding sandalwood accessions (SaHc). The accessibility of a RNA-Seq for high oil yielding sandalwood accessions will have broader associations for the conservation and selection of superior elite samples/populations for further genetic improvement program.
东印度檀香（Santalum album L.）因其心材和油而备受重视。尚未对在相似气候条件下生长的高产和低产油遗传上相同的檀香树进行比较研究。因此，我们打算进行全基因组转录组分析，以鉴定 S. album 中高油生物合成所涉及的相应基因。在这项研究中，针对 15 岁的 S. album（SaSHc 和 SaSLc）基因型进行了分析，以了解遗传背景对 S. album 中高油生物合成的贡献。通过 Illumina 测序分别生成了 28959187 和 25598869 个原始 PE 读数。在各自的获得物中获得了 2.12 百万和 1.811 百万个编码序列。根据 GO 术语，CDS 21262 和 18113 的功能分类被分配到三个 GO 类别中的 26 个功能组；（4,168；3,641）用于生物过程（5,758；4,971）细胞成分和（5,108；4,441）用于分子功能。总共对 41900 和 36571 个基因进行了功能注释，DEGs 的 KEGG 途径导致了 213 个代谢途径。在这 213 个代谢途径中，有 14 个途径参与了 S. album 中的次生代谢物生物合成途径。在 237 个细胞色素家族中，有 9 个细胞色素家族参与了高油生物合成。在两个获得物（SaHc 和 SaSLc）中共同检测到 16665 个差异表达基因。结果表明，SaHc 中 784 个基因上调，339 个基因下调，而 SaSLc S. album 中 635 个基因上调，299 个基因下调。RNA-Seq 结果通过定量 RT-PCR 进一步验证。最大的 Blast 命中被发现是针对葡萄（Vitis vinifera）。从这项研究中，我们在高产油檀香获得物（SaHc）中鉴定了更多的细胞色素家族。高油檀香获得物的 RNA-Seq 的可及性将为保护和选择优秀的精英样本/群体进行进一步的遗传改良计划提供更广泛的关联。
