妇产科实习生中的性骚扰发生率及其培训项目的文化氛围：一项全国性调查的结果
Sexual Harassment Prevalence Among OBGYN Trainees and Cultural Climate of their Training Programs: Result From a Nationwide Survey.
作者信息
Menhaji Kimia, Pan Stephanie, Hardart Anne
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York.
Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York.
出版信息
J Surg Educ. 2022 Sep-Oct;79(5):1113-1123. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.04.001. Epub 2022 Apr 25.
OBJECTIVE
Sexual harassment has many short- and long-term consequences and greatly impacts the clinical work environment, job satisfaction, job performance, and mental wellbeing of the individual. Data on prevalence of sexual harassment in a women-majority field such as Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) are limited. This national cross-sectional study sought to determine the prevalence of sexual harassment among OBGYN trainees in the United States (U.S.) and assess the associated departmental cultural climate.
DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: This study was a cross-sectional, anonymous, voluntary, national survey of OBGYN residents and fellows in the U.S. conducted from May 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. The validated Sexual Experience Questionnaire was administered via an online survey. Trainees were also queried regarding wellbeing, work satisfaction, and departmental/institutional reporting structure. Demographic data were also gathered. The main outcome was prevalence of sexual harassment among U.S. OBGYN trainees.
RESULTS
An email including the survey link was distributed to 1473 OBGYN trainees from 60 programs; 366 completed it (24.8% response rate). The mean age of survey respondents was 30.5 (SD 2.9) years. The majority of respondents were women (86%), White (64.1%), and residents (PGY 1-4, 80.2%). The prevalence of sexual harassment among respondents was 69.1% (69.6% of men and 68.7% of women). The prevalence of sexual harassment by race/ethnicity was: Hispanic/Latina 75.0%, White 68.7%, Asian 68.6%, and Black 47.4% trainees. The majority of respondents' program directors were women (66.4%, 227/342) and the majority of department chairs were men (68.9%, 235/341). The prevalence of sexual harassment did not differ based on the gender of the respondents' program directors and chairs (p-value 0.93).
CONCLUSIONS
There is a high prevalence of sexual harassment among U.S. OBGYN trainees. Action is required to improve institutional and departmental cultures.
目的
性骚扰会产生诸多短期和长期后果，对临床工作环境、工作满意度、工作表现以及个人心理健康都有极大影响。在妇产科（OBGYN）这种女性占多数的领域，关于性骚扰发生率的数据有限。这项全国性横断面研究旨在确定美国妇产科住院医师和研究员中性骚扰的发生率，并评估相关的科室文化氛围。
设计、地点、参与者：本研究是一项于2019年5月1日至2019年6月30日对美国妇产科住院医师和研究员进行的横断面、匿名、自愿的全国性调查。通过在线调查发放经过验证的性经历问卷。还询问了学员的幸福感、工作满意度以及科室/机构的报告结构。同时收集了人口统计学数据。主要结果是美国妇产科住院医师和研究员中性骚扰的发生率。
结果
向来自60个项目的1473名妇产科住院医师和研究员发送了包含调查链接的电子邮件；366人完成了调查（回复率为24.8%）。调查对象的平均年龄为30.5（标准差2.9）岁。大多数受访者为女性（86%）、白人（64.1%），且为住院医师（PGY 1 - 4，80.2%）。受访者中性骚扰的发生率为69.1%（男性为69.6%，女性为68.7%）。按种族/民族划分的性骚扰发生率为：西班牙裔/拉丁裔学员75.0%、白人68.7%、亚裔68.6%、黑人47.4%。大多数受访者项目主任为女性（66.4%，227/342），大多数科室主任为男性（68.9%，235/341）。性骚扰发生率在受访者项目主任和科室主任的性别方面无差异（p值为0.93）。
结论
美国妇产科住院医师和研究员中性骚扰发生率很高。需要采取行动来改善机构和科室文化。
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