University of Huelva, Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment.
Psicothema. 2022 May;34(2):266-274. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2021.413.
Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) have been shown to be useful for reducing excessive alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. However, research on the explanatory factors of PBS is limited. This paper prospectively examines the contribution of perceived efficacy of PBS in reducing alcohol-related consequences and perceived descriptive norms of close peers´ PBS use in young adults. The mediating role of perceived efficacy of PBS between descriptive norms of PBS use and personal PBS use is also examined.
Targeted sampling was used to recruit a community-based sample of 339 young Spanish adults aged 18-25 years, who completed baseline and two-month follow-up questionnaires. Three types of PBS (serious harm reduction-SHR, manner of drinking-MOD, and stopping/limiting drinking-SLD) were measured.
Both perceived efficacy and descriptive norms at baseline were positively associated with personal PBS use (SHR, MOD and SLD) at follow-up. A partial mediation effect of perceived efficacy between descriptive norms and personal PBS use was found for the three PBS subscales.
Our findings support the usefulness of correcting misperceptions of PBS use by peers in interventions aimed at reducing excessive drinking and alcohol-related consequences in young adults in the community. Moreover, PBS perceived efficacy should be included as a component of these interventions.
保护性行为策略 (PBS) 已被证明可有效减少过度饮酒和与酒精相关的问题。然而，关于 PBS 的解释因素的研究有限。本文前瞻性地考察了 PBS 在减少与酒精相关后果方面的感知效力以及亲密同龄人 PBS 使用的感知描述规范对年轻人的 PBS 使用的影响。还检验了 PBS 使用的描述规范与个人 PBS 使用之间 PBS 感知效力的中介作用。
采用靶向抽样的方法，招募了 339 名年龄在 18-25 岁之间的西班牙社区青年，他们完成了基线和两个月的随访问卷。测量了三种 PBS（严重伤害减少-SHR、饮酒方式-MOD 和停止/限制饮酒-SLD）。
基线时的感知效力和描述规范均与随访时的个人 PBS 使用（SHR、MOD 和 SLD）呈正相关。在三个 PBS 子量表中，发现描述规范和个人 PBS 使用之间存在感知效力的部分中介效应。
我们的研究结果支持在社区中针对年轻人减少过度饮酒和与酒精相关后果的干预措施中纠正对同龄人 PBS 使用的误解的有效性。此外，应将 PBS 的感知效力作为这些干预措施的组成部分。
