Faculty of Pharmacy Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, CA.
ESPUM, Montreal, MN, CA.
J Pharm Pract. 2023 Oct;36(5):1184-1191. doi: 10.1177/08971900221094932. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
In Quebec, Bill 31, adopted on March 18, 2020, extended vaccination to pharmacists. Despite many advantages, this new practice comes with public health issues reinforced in the context of COVID-19. Therefore, it is essential to understand the opportunities and challenges of the participation of community pharmacists in influenza vaccination, from a public health perspective by (i) describing the year of 2020-2021 influenza vaccination offer, (ii) its opportunities and challenges, and (iii) its impact on the accessibility of this service newly offered by pharmacists to the most vulnerable people. This research is a case study from one of the most affected areas by COVID-19 in Canada: Laval. Our method combines documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with health professionals and public health actors (n = 23). Researchers used a thematic analysis to analyze these results. Most partners (pharmacists, public health administrators) underlined multiple opportunities of this new practice, ie, pharmacists who can vaccinate, particularly for chronically ill patients. However, structural and strategical challenges remain. More specifically, vaccination seemed to only rely on a "first come, first served" basis, which questions public health objectives of vaccination, such as equitable access. The introduction of new actors, such as pharmacists, represents a major opportunity to improve vaccination coverage and reduce the burden of COVID-19 on the health system. However, this delegation of a public health activity to the private sector undoubtedly requires closer coordination with public health institutions.
在魁北克，2020 年 3 月 18 日通过的第 31 号法案将疫苗接种扩展到药剂师。尽管有许多优势，但这种新做法在 COVID-19 背景下带来了公共卫生问题。因此，从公共卫生的角度理解社区药剂师参与流感疫苗接种的机会和挑战非常重要，即：(i)描述 2020-2021 年流感疫苗接种服务，(ii)其机遇和挑战，以及 (iii)其对新提供给最弱势群体的这项服务可及性的影响。这项研究是对加拿大受 COVID-19 影响最严重地区之一拉瓦尔的案例研究。我们的方法结合了文献分析和与卫生专业人员和公共卫生行为者（n=23）的半结构化访谈。研究人员使用主题分析来分析这些结果。大多数合作伙伴（药剂师、公共卫生管理人员）强调了这种新做法的多种机会，即药剂师可以接种疫苗，特别是为慢性病患者接种疫苗。然而，结构和战略挑战仍然存在。具体来说，疫苗接种似乎只依赖于“先来先得”的原则，这对疫苗接种的公共卫生目标提出了质疑，例如公平获得。引入新的参与者，如药剂师，代表了提高疫苗接种覆盖率和减轻 COVID-19 对卫生系统负担的重大机会。然而，将公共卫生活动委托给私营部门无疑需要与公共卫生机构更紧密地协调。
