Zu Ermgassen Erasmus K H J, Bastos Lima Mairon G, Bellfield Helen, Dontenville Adeline, Gardner Toby, Godar Javier, Heilmayr Robert, Indenbaum Rosa, Dos Reis Tiago N P, Ribeiro Vivian, Abu Itohan-Osa, Szantoi Zoltan, Meyfroidt Patrick
Georges Lemaître Earth and Climate Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Bâtiment Mercator, Place Louis Pasteur 3, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique F. R. S.-FNRS, Rue d'Egmont 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Sci Adv. 2022 Apr 29;8(17):eabn3132. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn3132.
The trade in agricultural commodities is a backbone of the global economy but is a major cause of negative social and environmental impacts, not least deforestation. Commodity traders are key actors in efforts to eliminate deforestation-they are active in the regions where commodities are produced and represent a "pinch point" in global trade that provides a powerful lever for change. However, the procurement strategies of traders remain opaque. Here, we catalog traders' sourcing across four sectors with high rates of commodity-driven deforestation: South American soy, cocoa from Côte d'Ivoire, Indonesian palm oil, and Brazilian live cattle exports. We show that traders often source more than 40% of commodities "indirectly" via local intermediaries and that indirect sourcing is a major blind spot for sustainable sourcing initiatives. To eliminate deforestation, indirect sourcing must be included in sectoral initiatives, and landscape or jurisdictional approaches, which internalize indirect sourcing, must be scaled up.
农产品贸易是全球经济的支柱，但也是负面社会和环境影响的主要原因，尤其是森林砍伐。大宗商品贸易商是消除森林砍伐努力中的关键角色——他们活跃于大宗商品生产地区，是全球贸易中的一个“关键点”，为变革提供了强大杠杆。然而，贸易商的采购策略仍然不透明。在此，我们梳理了贸易商在四个因大宗商品驱动而森林砍伐率高的部门的采购情况：南美大豆、科特迪瓦的可可、印尼棕榈油以及巴西活牛出口。我们发现，贸易商常常通过当地中间商“间接”采购超过40%的大宗商品，而间接采购是可持续采购倡议的一个主要盲点。为消除森林砍伐，部门倡议必须纳入间接采购，并且必须扩大将间接采购内部化的景观或管辖区域方法。
