Post Graduate Program in Public Health, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
Post Graduate Program in Public Health, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2022 Jun;78:102166. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102166. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
The risk factors for breast cancer (BC) among women in Brazilian populations are poorly understood. To date, few Brazilian studies have addressed the potential association between risk factors and molecular BC subtypes. This case-control study aimed to identify risk factors for BC in a population of Northeast Brazil.
Data from 313 patients with invasive BC and 321 healthy controls were obtained from medical records from two cancer treatment centres and personal interviews. Of the 313 BC patients, 224 (71.6%) had reached menopause. The following distribution of subtypes was found among 301 patients: (1) Luminal A: 54 (17.9%); (2) Luminal B: 175 (58.1%); (3) HER2/neu: 29 (9.7%); and (4) triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): 43 (14.3%). Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using regression analysis.
Regression modelling indicated that family history, obesity (≥ 30.0 kg/m), alcohol consumption and contraceptive use increased the overall risk of BC 1.78 (95% CI: 1.22-2.59), 1.69 (95% CI: 1.08-2.63), 2.21 (95% CI: 1.44-3.39) and 2.99 (95% CI: 2.09-4.28) times, respectively. After stratification for menopausal status, alcohol consumption increased the risk of BC 4.15 (95% CI: 2.13-8.11) times, and obesity, as a single variable, increased the risk of BC 2.02 (95% CI: 1.22-3.37) times, only among postmenopausal women. In a case-control analysis, the risk of TNBC and Luminal B breast cancer were 4.06 (95% CI: 1.58-10.42) and 1.87 times (95% CI: 1.13-3.11) higher, respectively, in obese women than in non-obese women. Furthermore, alcohol consumption increased the risk of Luminal A and B subtypes 7.08 (3.40-14.73) and 1.77 (1.07-2.92) times, respectively.
Family history, contraceptive use, obesity and alcohol consumption increased the risk of BC. Obesity and alcohol consumption differentially increased risk of TNBC and Luminal molecular subtypes.
巴西人群中女性乳腺癌（BC）的风险因素知之甚少。迄今为止，少数巴西研究探讨了风险因素与分子 BC 亚型之间的潜在关联。本病例对照研究旨在确定巴西东北部人群中 BC 的风险因素。
从两家癌症治疗中心的病历和个人访谈中获取了 313 例浸润性 BC 患者和 321 例健康对照者的数据。在 313 例 BC 患者中，224 例（71.6%）已绝经。在 301 例患者中发现了以下亚型分布：（1）Luminal A：54 例（17.9%）；（2）Luminal B：175 例（58.1%）；（3）HER2/neu：29 例（9.7%）；和（4）三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）：43 例（14.3%）。使用回归分析确定比值比（ORs）和置信区间（CIs）。
回归模型表明，家族史、肥胖（≥30.0kg/m）、饮酒和避孕药具使用使 BC 的总体风险分别增加 1.78（95%CI：1.22-2.59）、1.69（95%CI：1.08-2.63）、2.21（95%CI：1.44-3.39）和 2.99（95%CI：2.09-4.28）倍。绝经后状态分层后，饮酒使 BC 的风险增加 4.15 倍（95%CI：2.13-8.11），肥胖作为单一变量使 BC 的风险增加 2.02 倍（95%CI：1.22-3.37），仅在绝经后妇女中。在病例对照分析中，肥胖女性患 TNBC 和 Luminal B 乳腺癌的风险分别增加 4.06 倍（95%CI：1.58-10.42）和 1.87 倍（95%CI：1.13-3.11）。此外，饮酒使 Luminal A 和 B 亚型的风险分别增加 7.08 倍（3.40-14.73）和 1.77 倍（1.07-2.92）。
家族史、避孕药具使用、肥胖和饮酒会增加 BC 的风险。肥胖和饮酒会增加 TNBC 和 Luminal 分子亚型的风险。
