Sharma S K
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 1986 Feb;8(1):5-22.
Endotoxins liberated by gram-negative bacteria are frequent contaminants of aqueous and physiological solutions. Because of their potent biological effects in vivo and in vitro, their detection and removal are essential for the safe parenteral administration of products produced from natural sources, as well as those produced by recombinant DNA technology. Traditional methods of endotoxin detection include the U.S. Pharmacopeia rabbit test and the Limulus amebocyte lysate test. Elimination of endotoxins, however, continues to be a problem. Standard methods of sterilization, such as autoclaving or sterile filtration, have little effect on endotoxin levels. Various techniques for the prevention of endotoxin contamination and endotoxin removal have been discussed. The overall role of endotoxin prevention, detection, and elimination in biotechnology is emphasized.
革兰氏阴性菌释放的内毒素是水性溶液和生理溶液中常见的污染物。由于它们在体内和体外具有强大的生物学效应，因此对于安全地肠胃外给药天然来源产品以及重组DNA技术生产的产品而言，检测和去除内毒素至关重要。传统的内毒素检测方法包括美国药典规定的家兔热原试验和鲎试剂检测法。然而，去除内毒素仍然是一个问题。诸如高压灭菌或无菌过滤等标准灭菌方法对内毒素水平影响很小。已经讨论了预防内毒素污染和去除内毒素的各种技术。强调了内毒素预防、检测和去除在生物技术中的总体作用。
