College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
Plant Sci. 2022 Jun;319:111245. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111245. Epub 2022 Mar 7.
The development of genetic and genomic resources for biological studies in cucumber has experienced an unprecedented boom in recent years. To investigate the function of putative meiotic genes and germplasm in breeding programs, an accurate cytogenetic characterization is required. Cytological methods and reference to investigate meiosis in cucumber are limited at present. Here we provide a set of cytological techniques that have been adapted for the study of meiosis in cucumber. The meiotic stages can be identified with high precision using hierarchical criteria from developing buds, undisturbed meiocytes, and freshly stained chromosomes. A meiotic cytological atlas of all stages is presented as a reference for identifying particular stages and for comparison of meiosis between normal and mutant plants. We performed a comparative analysis of the distribution of cytoplasmic organelles between cucumber and Arabidopsis, and we described a highly nonsynchronous condensation of chromosome parts during diplotene. A simplified fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocol, using robustly spread chromosomes, were developed. In addition, we designed a single oligonucleotide probe for 5S rDNA to use in karyotyping and monitoring of homologous chromosome pairing, which will make FISH analysis of 5S rDNA easier and more economical.
近年来，黄瓜生物研究中的遗传和基因组资源的发展经历了前所未有的繁荣。为了研究假定的减数分裂基因和种质在育种计划中的功能，需要进行准确的细胞遗传学表征。目前，用于研究黄瓜减数分裂的细胞学方法和参考资料有限。在这里，我们提供了一套已适应用于研究黄瓜减数分裂的细胞技术。可以使用从发育芽、未受干扰的减数分裂细胞和新染色的染色体的层次标准来精确识别减数分裂阶段。提供了所有阶段的减数分裂细胞图谱，作为识别特定阶段和比较正常和突变植物之间减数分裂的参考。我们对黄瓜和拟南芥之间细胞质细胞器的分布进行了比较分析，并描述了在二价体期间染色体部分高度不同步的浓缩。开发了一种简化的荧光原位杂交（FISH）方案，使用稳健展开的染色体。此外，我们设计了一个用于 5S rDNA 的单寡核苷酸探针，用于核型分析和同源染色体配对的监测，这将使 5S rDNA 的 FISH 分析更容易和更经济。
