Department of Physiotherapy, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
BMC Infect Dis. 2022 Apr 29;22(1):419. doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07389-0.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) negatively impacts quality of life (QoL) of people living with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Behavioural intervention adjunct to ART may improve QoL of people with HAND. We determine the effect of a 12-week aerobic exercise programme on QoL in people with HAND who were receiving ART.
This was a parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis.
We identified 73 participants diagnosed with HAND. Participants were sampled from an earlier study that examined the prevalence of HAND according to the Frascati criteria. Participants were randomised and allocated to an intervention of 12-weeks of aerobic exercise, comprising three 20-60 min sessions per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise using a cycle ergometer. The primary outcome was QoL, which was evaluated using the World Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL)-BREF.
Participants in the exercise (n = 39) and control (n = 35) groups had similar sociodemographic characteristics (p > 0.05). Following the 12-week aerobic exercise programme, participants in the exercise group had improved physical (p < 0.001), psychological (p = 0.008) and environmental (p = 0.001) domains of the QoL (p = 0.001) and overall QoL (p = 0.001) relative to the control group. Similarly, participants in the exercise group had lower depression scores than participants in the control group. Depression scores in the exercise group were still lower 3 months post-intervention (p = 0.007). Only the improvements in physical (p = 0.02) and psychological (p = 0.007) domains of QoL were sustained at 3 months post-intervention.
Aerobic exercise improves the QoL of people with HAND. To ensure sustained benefits, people with HAND may need to engage in long-term physical exercise. Trial registration The trial is registered with the PAN African Trial Registry (PACTR). Date: 01/09/2020, ID: PACTR202009483415745.
HIV 相关神经认知障碍（HAND）会降低正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的 HIV 感染者的生活质量（QoL）。ART 辅助行为干预可能会改善 HAND 患者的 QoL。我们旨在确定为期 12 周的有氧运动方案对正在接受 ART 的 HAND 患者的 QoL 的影响。
这是一项平行组、随机对照试验，采用隐藏分组和意向治疗分析。
我们确定了 73 名 HAND 患者。参与者是从根据 Frascati 标准检查 HAND 患病率的早期研究中抽取的。参与者被随机分配到为期 12 周的有氧运动干预组，包括每周 3 次、每次 20-60 分钟的中强度有氧运动，使用自行车测力计。主要结局是生活质量，使用世界卫生组织生活质量问卷（WHOQoL）-BREF 进行评估。
运动组（n=39）和对照组（n=35）的参与者具有相似的社会人口学特征（p＞0.05）。经过 12 周的有氧运动方案后，运动组参与者的生活质量在生理（p＜0.001）、心理（p=0.008）和环境（p=0.001）方面均有改善（p=0.001），总体 QoL 也有所改善（p=0.001），优于对照组。同样，运动组参与者的抑郁评分也低于对照组。运动组的抑郁评分在干预后 3 个月仍较低（p=0.007）。仅生理（p=0.02）和心理（p=0.007）方面的生活质量改善在干预后 3 个月仍持续存在。
有氧运动改善 HAND 患者的 QoL。为确保持续获益，HAND 患者可能需要长期进行身体锻炼。
该试验在泛非试验注册处（PACTR）注册。日期：2020 年 9 月 1 日，ID：PACTR202009483415745。
