Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Rivers State University; Rivers State Primary Health Care Management Board, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Rivers State Primary Health Care Management Board, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Niger Postgrad Med J. 2022 Apr-Jun;29(2):89-95. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_11_22.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to over 2,589,638 deaths globally as of March 2021 and speedy discovery of vaccines. Nigeria started the phase one COVID-19 vaccination in March 2021 using the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine. Reports of severe adverse events with the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine resulted in its suspension in some countries necessitating the need to determine its safety.
To assess the prevalence, types and severity of the adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in Rivers State, Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study design was adopted.
Simple random sampling method was used to select a total of 428 adults from recipients of the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine within 28 days of vaccination. A questionnaire adapted from World Health Organisation was interviewer-administered through phone calls; responses were recorded on Kobo Toolbox.
Descriptive analysis of variables was done and the association between adverse events and age, allergy and medical history were determined. The level of statistical significance was predetermined at a P < 0.05.
In this study, 50.5% of respondents reported post-vaccination adverse events out of which 10 (4.6%) were severe (30% of the severe cases were life-threatening, 60% were hospitalised and 10% were placed on bed rest). The most common side effects were fever (73.0%), pain at the injection site (41.2%), fatigue (33.3%), body ache (17.5%) and headache (13.8%). No significant association was observed between the incidence of severe adverse events and participants with allergies or medical history.
The adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccine were largely mild and resolved within a few days. Further research is required to classify adverse events into categories.
截至 2021 年 3 月，全球范围内因 COVID-19 导致的死亡人数超过 2589638 人，同时也快速研发出了疫苗。尼日利亚于 2021 年 3 月开始使用牛津阿斯利康疫苗进行第一阶段 COVID-19 疫苗接种。由于牛津阿斯利康疫苗出现严重不良反应报告，该疫苗在一些国家被暂停使用，因此需要确定其安全性。
评估尼日利亚里弗斯州 COVID-19 疫苗接种后不良反应的发生率、类型和严重程度。
采用横断面研究设计。
采用简单随机抽样方法，从接种 COVID-19 疫苗第一剂后 28 天内的接种者中选择了总共 428 名成年人。使用世界卫生组织的调查问卷通过电话进行访谈式调查；使用 Kobo 工具包记录回答。
对变量进行描述性分析，并确定不良反应与年龄、过敏和病史之间的关系。统计学显著性水平预先设定为 P < 0.05。
在这项研究中，50.5%的受访者报告了接种疫苗后的不良反应，其中 10 人（4.6%）为严重不良反应（30%的严重病例有生命危险，60%住院，10%需要卧床休息）。最常见的副作用是发烧（73.0%）、注射部位疼痛（41.2%）、疲劳（33.3%）、身体疼痛（17.5%）和头痛（13.8%）。在严重不良反应的发生率与过敏或病史的参与者之间未观察到显著关联。
COVID-19 疫苗相关的不良反应主要为轻度，在几天内得到解决。需要进一步研究将不良反应分类。
