Department of Pharmaceutics, NMIM'S School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
Curr Drug Res Rev. 2022;14(3):188-202. doi: 10.2174/2665998002666220501164429.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common cancer that is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated deaths around the world. The creation of new biomarkers for this disease is an important public health strategy for lowering the disease's mortality rate. According to new research, exosomes may be important sources of biomarkers in CRC. Exosomes are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles (30-200 nm) secreted by normal and cancer cells that transport RNA and proteins between cells and are thought to help with intercellular communication. Exosomes have been linked to CRC initiation and progression, and some differentially expressed RNAs and proteins in exosomes have been identified as potential cancer detection candidates. As a result, studying the relationship between exosomes and CRC may aid in the development of new biomarkers for the disease. This article discusses the importance of exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CRC, as well as their use in the treatment of CRC metastasis, chemoresistance, and recrudescence. The benefits and drawbacks of using exosomes as tumour markers are also discussed.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种常见的癌症，也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。为这种疾病创建新的生物标志物是降低死亡率的重要公共卫生策略。根据新的研究，外泌体可能是 CRC 中生物标志物的重要来源。外泌体是由正常和癌细胞分泌的纳米大小的膜囊泡（30-200nm），在细胞间运输 RNA 和蛋白质，被认为有助于细胞间通讯。外泌体与 CRC 的发生和发展有关，一些外泌体中差异表达的 RNA 和蛋白质已被确定为潜在的癌症检测候选物。因此，研究外泌体与 CRC 之间的关系可能有助于开发该疾病的新生物标志物。本文讨论了外泌体作为 CRC 诊断生物标志物的重要性，以及它们在 CRC 转移、化疗耐药性和复发治疗中的应用。还讨论了使用外泌体作为肿瘤标志物的优缺点。
