University of Twente, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
University of Twente, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
Accid Anal Prev. 2022 Jul;172:106683. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106683. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
Built-environment factors potentially alleviate or aggravate traffic safety problems in urban areas. This paper aims to investigate the relationships of these factors with vehicle-bicycle and vehicle-vehicle property damage only (PDO) and killed and severe injury (KSI) crashes in urban areas. For this purpose, an area-level analysis using 100x100m cells, along with a Spatial Hurdle Negative Binomial regression model were employed. The study area is composed of a selection of municipalities in the Netherlands-Randstad Area where major land-use developments have occurred since the 1970s. The study was conducted by developing a rich dataset composed of various national and local databases. The findings reveal that built-environment factors and land-use policies have substantial impacts on safety, which cannot be neglected. The factors explaining the land-use density and diversity in the area (e.g., urbanity and function mixing levels), as well as the land-use design characteristics (indicated by average age of the neighborhoods), traffic and road network characteristics, and proximity to different destinations influence the probability, frequency, and severity of crashes in urban areas. Furthermore, low socioeconomic levels are associated with a higher frequency of traffic crashes.
建筑环境因素可能会减轻或加剧城市地区的交通安全问题。本文旨在研究这些因素与车辆-自行车和车辆-车辆仅财产损失（PDO）以及死亡和重伤（KSI）事故之间的关系。为此，采用了基于 100x100m 格网的区域水平分析以及空间障碍负二项回归模型。研究区域由荷兰兰斯塔德地区的一些市镇组成，自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，这些地区发生了重大的土地利用开发。通过开发一个由各种国家和地方数据库组成的丰富数据集来进行研究。研究结果表明，建筑环境因素和土地利用政策对安全有重大影响，不容忽视。解释该区域土地利用密度和多样性的因素（例如城市化和功能混合程度）以及土地利用设计特征（由社区的平均年龄表示）、交通和道路网络特征以及与不同目的地的接近程度，都影响着城市地区事故的可能性、频率和严重程度。此外，较低的社会经济水平与更高的交通事故频率相关。
