Like ripples on a pond: The long-term consequences of parental separation and conflicts in childhood on adult children's self-rated health.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to explore how different forms of conflict in childhood and parental separation additively and interactively predict self-rated health (SRH) in adulthood. Furthermore, a subsample analysis investigated how different family conflicts predict SRH in adulthood within the group of separated families, controlling for post-separation circumstances.

BACKGROUND

Previous research shows that adult children from separated families have worse health compared to peers from intact families. Additionally, inter-parental conflicts are closely associated with parental separation and known to negatively influence children's health. Few studies have taken a broader perspective on conflicts and included conflicts beyond the inter-parental subsystem, such as within other family subsystems, into their analysis.

METHODS

Data were based on Swedish Level of Living Survey (LNU). Using linear probability modelling the first analysis shows that SRH in adulthood varies depending on family type and the occurrence of conflict in childhood ( = 6,638). The study then explored variations in SRH within separated families ( = 934).

RESULTS

The results show that adult children from separated families and families with different types of conflicts have worse SRH compared to their peers in intact families and families with no conflicts.

CONCLUSION

Parental separation has long-term consequences on children's SRH and this relationship is partly predicted by parent-child conflicts.

IMPLICATIONS

The results underline the importance of considering children's involvement when studying the separation process and its outcomes. They also suggest that interventions to help parents and children through a separation would benefit from a focus, not only on inter-parental conflicts but also, on parent-child conflicts, as well as parents' role modelling to prevent children from experiencing negative long-term health outcomes.