Bölsch-Peterka Ronja, Krowicki Martin, Schmidtke Aliena, Böckelmann Irina
Bereich Arbeitsmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Deutschland.
Zentralbl Arbeitsmed Arbeitsschutz Ergon. 2022;72(3):115-128. doi: 10.1007/s40664-022-00460-2. Epub 2022 Apr 25.
In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, work in many companies was relocated to the home and the work situation of the employees changed suddenly and within a short period of time. In order to identify possible stressors and to expand health resources, a multifactorial analysis of the work situation is necessary.
The goal of this work was to provide an in-depth analysis in the area of occupational health management even in times of contact restrictions. With the help of digital work situation analysis (ASITA) both stressors and strengths of the home office activity in a public administration were identified and recommendations for appropriate action were derived.
Using digital ASITAs, 3 groups (in total 16 employees) were asked about their work situation and conditions at home. Employees who worked at least 2 days per week from home during the last 12 weeks before the survey were included in the studies.
Working from home places new demands on employees, which in turn lead to both positive and negative consequences. An example of a positive change can be seen with respect to the work organization. Employees reported many advantages, such as the reduction of time commuting to work, and better time management. An example of a negative outcome can be seen in terms of communication in the company, where clear structures are lacking for working in the home office.
Digital work situation analysis can be an instrumental tool to examine health burdens and benefits, even in companies with mobile flexible work models. As shown by the pandemic, a change in the work situation within companies requires a continuous process of reflection, a process in which the health of the employees must be an essential part.
在新冠疫情期间,许多公司的工作转移到了家中,员工的工作状况在短时间内突然发生了变化。为了识别可能的压力源并扩展健康资源,有必要对工作状况进行多因素分析。
这项工作的目标是即使在接触受限的时期,也能在职业健康管理领域提供深入分析。借助数字工作状况分析(ASITA),确定了一个公共行政部门在家办公活动中的压力源和优势,并得出了适当行动的建议。
使用数字ASITA,询问了3组(共16名员工)他们在家中的工作状况和条件。在调查前的最后12周内每周至少在家工作2天的员工被纳入研究。
在家工作给员工带来了新的要求,这反过来又产生了积极和消极的后果。工作组织方面可以看到一个积极变化的例子。员工报告了许多优点,比如减少了通勤时间,以及更好的时间管理。消极结果的一个例子可以在公司沟通方面看到,在家办公缺乏明确的工作结构。
数字工作状况分析可以成为一个有用的工具,用于检查健康负担和益处,即使在采用灵活移动工作模式的公司也是如此。正如疫情所示,公司内部工作状况的变化需要一个持续的反思过程,在这个过程中员工的健康必须是一个重要部分。