García-Gareta Elena, Pérez María Ángeles, García-Aznar José Manuel
Aragonese Agency for R&D (ARAID) Foundation, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain.
Multiscale in Mechanical & Biological Engineering Research Group, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), School of Engineering & Architecture, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain.
J Tissue Eng. 2022 Apr 25;13:20417314221091682. doi: 10.1177/20417314221091682. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The tumour extracellular matrix (ECM) has unique features in terms of composition and mechanical properties, resulting in a structurally and chemically different ECM to that of native, healthy tissues. This paper reviews to date the efforts into decellularization of tumours, which in the authors' view represents a new frontier in the ever evolving field of tumour tissue engineering. An overview of the ECM and its importance in cancer is given, ending with examples of research using decellularized tumours, which has already indicated potential therapeutic targets, unravelled malignancy mechanisms or response to chemotherapy agents. The review highlights that more research is needed in this area, which can answer important questions related to tumour formation and progression to ultimately identify new and effective therapeutic targets. Within the near-future of personalized medicine, this research can create patient-specific tumour models and therapeutic regimes.
癌症是全球主要死因之一。肿瘤细胞外基质（ECM）在组成和力学性能方面具有独特特征，导致其在结构和化学性质上与天然健康组织的ECM不同。本文综述了迄今为止肿瘤去细胞化方面的研究工作，作者认为这代表了肿瘤组织工程这一不断发展的领域中的一个新前沿。文中给出了ECM及其在癌症中的重要性的概述，最后列举了使用去细胞化肿瘤的研究实例，这些研究已表明了潜在的治疗靶点、揭示了恶性肿瘤机制或对化疗药物的反应。该综述强调，这一领域需要更多研究，以回答与肿瘤形成和进展相关的重要问题，最终确定新的有效治疗靶点。在个性化医疗的不久将来，这项研究能够创建针对患者的肿瘤模型和治疗方案。
