Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Natural and Health Sciences Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2022 Apr 22;16:1159-1170. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S343978. eCollection 2022.
Gouty arthritis is generally induced by the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints due to elevated serum uric acid levels, potentially leading to serious pathological disorders such as nephrolithiasis, renal failure, and acute gouty arthritis. In this study, we aimed to validate the anti-gout effects of carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpene.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal saline, disease group by injecting potassium mono-oxonate (PO) at a dose of 250 mg/kg, and three treatment groups, either with carvacrol 20 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg allopurinol. The blood and tissue samples were subsequently collected and analyzed using different biochemical and histopathological techniques.
Our results revealed a significant increase in the serum levels of oxidative stress-related markers, namely, uric acid and C-reactive protein (CRP), and NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent inflammatory mediators, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Carvacrol administration for seven consecutive days exhibited significant anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, the 50 mg/kg carvacrol treatment was observed to produce results similar to the allopurinol treatment. Furthermore, the renal safety of carvacrol was confirmed by the renal function test.
Carvacrol potentially alleviates hyperuricemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating the ROS/NRLP3/NF-κB pathway, thereby exerting protective effects against joint degeneration.
痛风性关节炎通常是由于血清尿酸水平升高导致单钠尿酸盐（MSU）晶体在关节中积累引起的，可能导致肾结石、肾衰竭和急性痛风性关节炎等严重的病理紊乱。在这项研究中，我们旨在验证香芹酚，一种酚类单萜，的抗痛风作用。
雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为生理盐水组、注射氧嗪酸钾（PO）250mg/kg 的疾病组和三个治疗组，分别给予香芹酚 20mg/kg、50mg/kg 和 10mg/kg 别嘌醇。随后收集血液和组织样本，并使用不同的生化和组织病理学技术进行分析。
我们的结果表明，氧化应激相关标志物尿酸和 C 反应蛋白（CRP）以及 NLRP3 炎性体依赖性炎症介质，包括核因子 kappa B（NF-κB）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的血清水平显著升高。连续 7 天给予香芹酚呈剂量依赖性表现出显著的抗高尿酸血症和抗炎作用。值得注意的是，50mg/kg 香芹酚的治疗效果与别嘌醇治疗相似。此外，肾功能试验证实了香芹酚的肾脏安全性。
香芹酚通过调节 ROS/NLRP3/NF-κB 通路缓解尿酸诱导的氧化应激和炎症，从而对关节退化发挥保护作用。
