Li Lijun, Zhang Yipeng, Zeng Changchun
Department of Quality Control, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, P. R. China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University Shenzhen 518110, Guangdong, P. R. China.
Am J Transl Res. 2020 Jul 15;12(7):3167-3181. eCollection 2020.
Hyperuricemia may occur when there is an excess of uric acid in the blood. Hyperuricemia may result from increased production or decreased excretion of uric acid. Elevated uric acid levels are a risk factor for gout, and various risk factors, including some medications, alcohol consumption, kidney disease, high blood pressure, hypothyroidism, and pesticide exposure, as well as obesity, are associated with an elevated risk of hyperuricemia. Although the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia are complex, previously reported studies have revealed that hyperuricemia is involved in a variety of biological processes and signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize common comorbidities related to hyperuricemia and describe an update of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic options of hyperuricemia. This systematic review highlights the epidemiology and risk factors of hyperuricemia. Moreover, we discuss genetic studies on hyperuricemia to uncover current status and advances in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia. Additionally, we conclude with a reflection on the underlying mechanisms of hyperuricemia and present the alternative drug strategies for the treatment of hyperuricemia to offer more effective clinical interventions.
当血液中尿酸过多时，可能会发生高尿酸血症。高尿酸血症可能是由于尿酸生成增加或排泄减少所致。尿酸水平升高是痛风的一个危险因素，包括某些药物、饮酒、肾脏疾病、高血压、甲状腺功能减退、接触农药以及肥胖在内的各种危险因素都与高尿酸血症风险升高有关。尽管高尿酸血症发病机制的潜在机制很复杂，但先前报道的研究表明，高尿酸血症涉及多种生物学过程和信号通路。在本综述中，我们总结了与高尿酸血症相关的常见合并症，并描述了高尿酸血症的流行病学、发病机制和治疗选择的最新情况。本系统综述强调了高尿酸血症的流行病学和危险因素。此外，我们讨论了高尿酸血症的遗传学研究，以揭示高尿酸血症发病机制的现状和进展。此外，我们对高尿酸血症的潜在机制进行了思考，并提出了治疗高尿酸血症的替代药物策略，以提供更有效的临床干预措施。
