Dabrowski Miriam Lucia, Hamann Martin, Stubenrauch Cosima
Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS UPR22, Université de Strasbourg 23 Rue Du Loess 67200 Strasbourg France.
RSC Adv. 2020 Mar 2;10(15):8917-8926. doi: 10.1039/d0ra00254b. eCollection 2020 Feb 27.
Emulsion and foam templating allow the synthesis of tailor-made polymer foams. A complementary templating route is foamed emulsion templating. The concept is based on the generation of a monomer-in-water emulsion which is subsequently foamed. After polymerization of the foamed emulsion, one obtains open-cell polymer foams with porous pore walls. In the paper at hand, we generated foamed emulsions and synthesized polymer foams which are based on the monomer 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate (1,4-BDDMA). The main challenge was to find the optimal composition of the emulsion by varying the components systematically. We will discuss that the composition of the monomer-in-water emulsion is key for the stability of the foamed emulsion and thus for the structure of the resulting polymer foam. The final composition of the continuous phase was found to be 65 vol% 1,4-BDDMA, 30 vol% water and 5 vol% glycerol. We foamed and polymerized this emulsion to check the foamed emulsion's suitability as a template for solid polymer foams. We generated a foamed emulsion with a mean bubble diameter of 151 μm ± 90 μm and obtained a highly porous poly(1,4-BDDMA) foam with a pore mean diameter of 366 μm ± 91 μm. Furthermore, the polymer foam has a "sub-porosity" within the pore walls.
乳液模板法和泡沫模板法可用于合成定制的聚合物泡沫。一种互补的模板法是发泡乳液模板法。其概念基于生成水包单体乳液，随后对其进行发泡。发泡乳液聚合后，可得到具有开孔结构且孔壁多孔的聚合物泡沫。在本文中，我们制备了发泡乳液并合成了基于单体1,4 - 丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯（1,4 - BDDMA）的聚合物泡沫。主要挑战在于通过系统地改变组分来找到乳液的最佳组成。我们将讨论水包单体乳液的组成对于发泡乳液的稳定性以及最终聚合物泡沫结构的关键作用。连续相的最终组成为65体积%的1,4 - BDDMA、30体积%的水和5体积%的甘油。我们对该乳液进行发泡和聚合，以检验发泡乳液作为固体聚合物泡沫模板的适用性。我们制备了平均气泡直径为151μm±90μm的发泡乳液，并得到了平均孔径为366μm±91μm的高度多孔的聚（1,4 - BDDMA）泡沫。此外，该聚合物泡沫在孔壁内具有“亚孔隙率”。
