Department of Normal and Pathological Anatomy, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Nalchik, Russia.
Department of Normal Physiology, Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2023 Sep;306(9):2276-2291. doi: 10.1002/ar.24947. Epub 2022 May 2.
Neurons, expressing neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the enteric ganglia are inhibitory motor neurons or interneurons. The aim of the study was to identify the percentage, cross-sectional area of nNOS-immunoreactive (IR) neurons and their colocalization with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and neuropeptide Y in the intramural ganglia of the myenteric (MP) and submucous plexus (SP) of the small intestine (SI) and large intestine (LI) of rats of different age groups using immunohistochemical methods. In the intramural ganglia of the MP, the largest percentage of nNOS-IR neurons was detected in newborn rats in the LI (81 ± 0.9%) and SI (48 ± 4.1%). Subsequently, it decreased in ontogenesis up to 60 days of life (26 ± 0.9% LI, 29 ± 3.2% SI), and did not change until senescence. In the SP, abundant nNOS-IR neurons were also detected in newborns (82 ± 7.0% SI, 85 ± 3.2% LI), while their percentage decreased significantly in the next 20 days. Furthermore, a very small number of nNOS-IR neurons was detected in 30-day- and 2-month-old animals, but they again appeared in large numbers in aged rats. In the MP, the highest percentage of nNOS+/ChAT+ neurons was in 1-day-old, 10-day-old, and 2-year-old rats. In the SP, the largest number of nNOS-IR neurons colocalized ChAT regardless of age. In the MP of all rats, many nNOS-IR neurons colocalized VIP, and the maximal percentage of nNOS+/VIP+ neurons was found in 2-year-old rats, minimal-in newborns. In conclusion, nNOS expression in neurons of the gut is decreased in early postnatal ontogenesis and subsequently increased in aged rats.
神经元在肠神经节中表达神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS），它们是抑制性运动神经元或中间神经元。本研究的目的是使用免疫组织化学方法鉴定不同年龄组大鼠的黏膜下丛（SP）和肌间神经丛（MP）固有神经节中 nNOS-免疫反应（IR）神经元的百分比、横截面积及其与胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）和神经肽 Y 的共定位。在 MP 的固有神经节中，在新生大鼠的 LI（81±0.9%）和 SI（48±4.1%）中检测到最大百分比的 nNOS-IR 神经元。随后，在个体发育过程中，它逐渐减少，直到生命的 60 天（LI 为 26±0.9%，SI 为 29±3.2%），直到衰老时才没有变化。在 SP 中，在新生大鼠中也检测到丰富的 nNOS-IR 神经元（SI 为 82±7.0%，LI 为 85±3.2%），而在接下来的 20 天中，其百分比显着下降。此外，在 30 天和 2 个月大的动物中仅检测到非常少量的 nNOS-IR 神经元，但在老年大鼠中又大量出现。在 MP 中，nNOS+/ChAT+神经元的百分比在 1 天、10 天和 2 岁的大鼠中最高。在 SP 中，无论年龄大小，nNOS-IR 神经元与 ChAT 的共定位数量最多。在所有大鼠的 MP 中，许多 nNOS-IR 神经元与 VIP 共定位，并且在 2 岁的大鼠中发现 nNOS+/VIP+神经元的最大百分比，在新生大鼠中最小。总之，在肠道神经元中 nNOS 的表达在出生后早期发育过程中减少，随后在老年大鼠中增加。
