John Amber, Desai Roopal, Saunders Rob, Buckman Joshua E J, Brown Barbara, Nurock Shirley, Michael Stewart, Ware Paul, Marchant Natalie L, Aguirre Elisa, Rio Miguel, Cooper Claudia, Pilling Stephen, Richards Marcus, Gaysina Darya, Stott Josh
ADAPT Lab, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL, London, United Kingdom.
ADAPT Lab, Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL, London, United Kingdom.
J Psychiatr Res. 2022 Jul;151:217-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.007. Epub 2022 Apr 10.
Affective disorders are associated with accelerated cognitive ageing. However, current understanding of biological mechanisms which underlie these observed associations is limited. The aim of this study was to test: 1) Whether cortisol acts as a pathway in the association between depressive or anxiety symptoms across adulthood and midlife cognitive function; 2) Whether cortisol is associated with later depressive or anxiety symptoms, and cognitive function. Data were used from the National Child Development Study (NCDS), a sample of infants born in mainland UK during one week of 1958. A measure of the accumulation of affective symptoms was derived from data collected from age 23 to 42 using the Malaise Inventory Scale. Salivary cortisol measures were available at age 44-45. Cognitive function (memory, fluency, information processing) and affective symptoms were assessed at the age of 50. Path models were run to test whether salivary cortisol explained the longitudinal association between depressive or anxiety disorder symptoms and cognitive function. Direct effects of affective symptoms are shown across early to middle adulthood on cognitive function in midlife (memory and information processing errors). However, there were no effects of affective symptoms on cognitive function through cortisol measures. Additionally, cortisol measures were not significantly associated with subsequent affective symptoms or cognitive function at the age of 50. These results do not provide clear evidence to suggest that cortisol plays a role in the association between affective symptoms and cognitive function over this period of time. These findings contribute to our understanding of how the association between affective symptoms and cognitive function operates over time.
情感障碍与认知衰老加速有关。然而，目前对这些观察到的关联背后的生物学机制的理解有限。本研究的目的是检验：1）皮质醇是否在成年期和中年期抑郁或焦虑症状与认知功能之间的关联中起中介作用；2）皮质醇是否与后期的抑郁或焦虑症状以及认知功能相关。数据来自英国国家儿童发展研究（NCDS），该样本为1958年英国本土一周内出生的婴儿。情感症状累积量的测量数据来自23岁至42岁期间使用不适量表收集的数据。44 - 45岁时可获得唾液皮质醇测量值。50岁时评估认知功能（记忆、流畅性、信息处理能力）和情感症状。运行路径模型以检验唾液皮质醇是否能解释抑郁或焦虑症症状与认知功能之间的纵向关联。在成年早期到中期，情感症状对中年期的认知功能（记忆和信息处理错误）有直接影响。然而，情感症状通过皮质醇测量值对认知功能没有影响。此外，50岁时皮质醇测量值与随后的情感症状或认知功能没有显著关联。这些结果没有提供明确证据表明皮质醇在这段时间内情感症状与认知功能之间的关联中起作用。这些发现有助于我们理解情感症状与认知功能之间的关联是如何随时间变化的。
