Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741 252, India.
Division of Agricultural Physics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 2;12(1):7103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11307-4.
Direct-seeded rice (DSR) seeds are often exposed to multiple environmental stresses in the field, leading to poor emergence, growth and productivity. Appropriate seed priming agents may help to overcome these challenges by ensuring uniform seed germination, and better seedling stand establishment. To examine the effectiveness of sodium selenite (Na-selenite), sodium selenate (Na-selenate), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and their combinations as priming agents for DSR seeds, a controlled pot experiment followed by a field experiment over two consecutive years was conducted on a sandy clay loam soil (Inceptisol) in West Bengal, India. Priming with combinations of all priming agents had advantages over the hydro-priming treatment (control). All the combinations of the three priming agents resulted in the early emergence of seedlings with improved vigour. In the field experiment, all the combinations increased the plant chlorophyll, phenol and protein contents, leaf area index and duration, crop growth rate, uptake of nutrients (N, P, K, B, Zn and Si), and yield of DSR over the control. Our findings suggest that seed priming with the combination of ZnO-NPs, Na-selenite, and Na-selenate could be a viable option for the risk mitigation in DSR.
直播水稻（DSR）种子在田间常暴露于多种环境胁迫下，导致出苗差、生长和生产力低下。适当的种子引发剂可以通过确保均匀的种子发芽和更好的幼苗定植来帮助克服这些挑战。为了检验亚硒酸钠（Na-selenite）、硒酸钠（Na-selenate）、氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO-NPs）及其组合作为 DSR 种子引发剂的有效性，在印度西孟加拉邦的砂壤土（Inceptisol）上进行了为期两年的控制盆栽试验和田间试验。与水引发处理（对照）相比，所有引发剂组合的引发都具有优势。三种引发剂的所有组合都能使幼苗提前出苗，活力增强。在田间试验中，所有组合均提高了 DSR 的植株叶绿素、酚类和蛋白质含量、叶面积指数和持续时间、作物生长速率、养分（N、P、K、B、Zn 和 Si）吸收和产量，均高于对照。我们的研究结果表明，用 ZnO-NPs、Na-selenite 和 Na-selenate 的组合对 DSR 进行种子引发可能是降低风险的可行选择。
