School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.
BMC Public Health. 2022 May 2;22(1):876. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13308-4.
Migration among women has significant health consequences on their access to and utilisation of health services, particularly sexual and reproductive health services. Despite the large quantity of research on migrant health, there is a paucity of research on the factors associated with utilization of modern methods of contraception, intimate partner violence services and sexual and reproductive health (SRH) referral services among non-migrants, internal and international migrant women. Consequently, understanding the factors associated with utilisation of SRH services among women in Southern Africa motivates this study.
The study uses secondary data from a cross sectional survey conducted in 2018. Logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the factors associated with utilisation of sexual and reproductive health services among 2070 women aged 15-49 years in high migrant communities in six Southern African countries.
Factors found to be associated with current non-use of modern contraceptive methods were country, employment status, educational level, comprehensive knowledge about SRH, comprehensive knowledge about HIV, desire for another child, partner's age and partner's educational level. Regarding utilisation of SRH services, important factors were ever denied access to a public healthcare facility, country, marital status and comprehensive knowledge about HIV. Factors associated with utilising IPV services were migration status, age and attitude towards wife beating.
The findings highlight that migration status is associated with utilisation of IPV services. Comprehensive knowledge about SRH and partner characteristic variables were associated with current non-use of modern contraceptive methods. There is a need for SRH programs that can disseminate accurate information about SRH and encourage male involvement in SRH related issues. In addition, the SRH programs should target all women regardless of their migration status, age, educational level and marital status.
女性移民对其获得和利用卫生服务，特别是性健康和生殖健康服务产生了重大健康影响。尽管有大量关于移民健康的研究，但对于非移民、国内和国际移民妇女利用现代避孕方法、性暴力服务和性健康和生殖健康（SRH）转介服务的相关因素的研究却很少。因此，了解南非南部地区妇女利用 SRH 服务的相关因素促使本研究开展。
本研究使用了 2018 年进行的横断面调查的二手数据。使用逻辑回归模型调查了六个南部非洲国家高移民社区的 2070 名 15-49 岁妇女利用性健康和生殖健康服务的相关因素。
与当前不使用现代避孕方法相关的因素有国家、就业状况、教育程度、对 SRH 的全面了解、对 HIV 的全面了解、想要另一个孩子、伴侣年龄和伴侣教育程度。关于 SRH 服务的利用，重要因素包括曾被拒绝进入公共医疗保健机构、国家、婚姻状况和对 HIV 的全面了解。与利用性暴力服务相关的因素包括移民身份、年龄和对妻子挨打的态度。
研究结果表明，移民身份与利用性暴力服务有关。对 SRH 的全面了解和伴侣特征变量与当前不使用现代避孕方法有关。需要开展 SRH 项目，传播关于 SRH 的准确信息，并鼓励男性参与与 SRH 相关的问题。此外，无论移民身份、年龄、教育程度和婚姻状况如何，SRH 项目都应针对所有妇女。
