Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Vet Res. 2022 May 2;18(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03270-z.
Dirofilaria immitis is a mosquito-borne filarial nematode, which infects primarily wild and domestic canids, causing cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and characterize molecular features of D. immitis in road killed canids, northern Iran.
The carcasses of 53 road killed canids including 18 dogs (Canis familiaris), and 35 golden jackals (C. aureus) were necropsied in both Mazanderan and Guilan provinces, northern Iran. The molecular analyses were conducted based on the cytochrome oxidase (Cox) 1 and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes.
The heartworm infection was found in 55.6% of dogs and 22.9% of jackals. Our study revealed significantly higher prevalence of D. immitis in dogs compared to jackals (P = 0.031). The prevalence of D. immitis was no statistically significant between males and females in both dogs and jackal (P > 0.05). Comparison of the Cox1 gene sequences with available data in the GenBank illustrated 100% similarity with D. immitis isolates from different hosts in European, Asian, and South American continents. Moreover, the 18S rRNA gene sequences showed 100% identity with dog isolates from Japan and French Guiana.
This study confirms the high prevalence of D. immitis in dogs and jackals of northern Iran. Developing control programs to prevent transmission of the disease is necessary for dogs and humans in the study areas.
犬恶丝虫是一种通过蚊子传播的丝虫，主要感染野生和家养犬科动物，引起心肺犬恶丝虫病。本研究旨在确定伊朗北部道路死亡犬科动物中犬恶丝虫的流行情况并对其分子特征进行描述。
对伊朗北部马赞达兰省和吉兰省 53 只道路死亡犬科动物（包括 18 只犬[Canis familiaris]和 35 只金豺[C. aureus]）的尸体进行剖检。分子分析基于细胞色素氧化酶（Cox）1 和 18S 核糖体 RNA（rRNA）基因进行。
犬的心脏丝虫感染率为 55.6%，金豺为 22.9%。本研究显示，犬的犬恶丝虫感染率明显高于金豺（P = 0.031）。犬和金豺中，雄雌个体之间的犬恶丝虫感染率无统计学差异（P > 0.05）。将 Cox1 基因序列与 GenBank 中可用数据进行比较表明，与来自欧洲、亚洲和南美洲不同宿主的犬恶丝虫分离株完全一致。此外，18S rRNA 基因序列与来自日本和法属圭亚那的犬分离株完全一致。
本研究证实了伊朗北部犬和金豺中犬恶丝虫的高流行率。在研究区域，为了预防疾病的传播，有必要为犬和人类制定控制计划。
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