Borrell Luisa N, Echeverria Sandra E
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Public Health Education, School of Health and Human Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Jun;302:114977. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114977. Epub 2022 Apr 23.
We provide a brief description of the demographics of the Hispanic or Latino population in the United States; point out the origin of the term Hispanic or Latino as standardized terminology in general including public health research; discuss the use of Latinx among the Hispanic or Latino population; and suggest recommendations for the use of Latinx in research including Hispanic or Latino populations. The Hispanic or Latino population is a heterogenous population familiar with name and/or labeling controversies since the introduction of the ethnicity category in the 1980 U.S. Census. Latinx, a term aiming to be gender-expansive, inclusive, and/or neutral, is being used to refer to the Hispanic or Latino population overall. However, only a small proportion of this population has heard or use the term. For research purposes, we recommend that 1) the population is referred to using the labels used during data collection for existing data; 2) when using Latinx, participants are explained the meaning of the term and other choices be provided; and 3) investigations using Latinx should interpret the results within the current context of the term and acknowledge the group (s) to which the findings apply. The latter will lead to accurately represent the Hispanic or Latino population. This correct identification is important to document and address health inequities across race and ethnicity in the U.S.
我们简要描述了美国西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口的人口统计学特征；指出了“西班牙裔或拉丁裔”这一术语作为包括公共卫生研究在内的通用标准术语的起源；讨论了拉丁裔一词在西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口中的使用情况；并就拉丁裔一词在包括西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口在内的研究中的使用提出了建议。自1980年美国人口普查引入种族类别以来，西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口是一个熟悉名称和/或标签争议的异质群体。拉丁裔，一个旨在具有性别包容性、包容性和/或中性的术语，正被用来指代整个西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口。然而，这一群体中只有一小部分人听说过或使用过这个词。出于研究目的，我们建议：1）对于现有数据，使用数据收集期间使用的标签来指代该人群；2）当使用拉丁裔一词时，向参与者解释该术语的含义并提供其他选择；3）使用拉丁裔一词的调查应在该术语的当前背景下解释结果，并承认研究结果所适用的群体。后者将有助于准确地代表西班牙裔或拉丁裔人口。这种正确的识别对于记录和解决美国不同种族和族裔之间的健康不平等问题很重要。
