Valenza-Troubat Noemie, Hilario Elena, Montanari Sara, Morrison-Whittle Peter, Ashton David, Ritchie Peter, Wellenreuther Maren
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Nelson New Zealand.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited Auckland New Zealand.
Evol Appl. 2021 Jul 30;15(4):591-602. doi: 10.1111/eva.13281. eCollection 2022 Apr.
Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food production sector worldwide, yet industry has been slow to implement genomic techniques as routine tools. Applying genomics to new breeding programmes can provide important information about pedigree structure and genetic diversity; key parameters for a successful long-term breeding programme. It can also provide insights on potential gains for commercially important, yet complex, quantitative traits such as growth rate. Here we investigated a population of 1100 captive-bred F silver trevally (), a promising new species for New Zealand aquaculture. We used whole-genome information, coupled with image-based phenotypic data collected over two years, to build the pedigree of the population, assess its genetic diversity, describe growth patterns of ten growth traits and estimate their genetic parameters. Successful parentage assignment of 664 F individuals showed that the pedigree consisted of a complex mixture of full- and half-sib individuals, with skewed reproductive success among parents, especially in females. Growth patterns showed seasonal fluctuations (average increase across all traits of 27.3% in summer and only 7% in winter) and strong inter-family differences. Heritability values for growth traits ranged from 0.27 to 0.76. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits were high and positive, ranging from 0.57 to 0.94 and 0.50 to 1.00 respectively. The implications of these findings are threefold: first, the best on-growing conditions are in warmer months, where highest growth peaks can be achieved; second, size- and family-based selection can be used as early selection criterion if pedigree structure and inbreeding risks are closely monitored; third, selection for body length results in concomitant increases in height and weight, traits of paramount importance for aquaculture. It is concluded that there is substantial potential for genetic improvement of economically important traits, suggesting that silver trevally is a promising species for selective breeding for enhanced growth.
水产养殖是全球增长最快的食品生产部门，但该行业在将基因组技术作为常规工具加以应用方面进展缓慢。将基因组学应用于新的育种计划可以提供有关谱系结构和遗传多样性的重要信息，而这是成功开展长期育种计划的关键参数。它还可以为生长速率等具有商业重要性但又复杂的数量性状的潜在增益提供见解。在此，我们研究了1100尾人工养殖的F代黄尾鰤种群，这是新西兰水产养殖中一个有前景的新物种。我们利用全基因组信息，结合两年来收集的基于图像的表型数据，构建了该种群的谱系，评估其遗传多样性，描述了十个生长性状的生长模式，并估计了它们的遗传参数。对664尾F代个体成功进行亲权鉴定表明，该谱系由全同胞和半同胞个体的复杂混合组成，亲本之间的繁殖成功率存在偏差，尤其是雌性。生长模式呈现季节性波动（所有性状在夏季的平均增幅为27.3%，而在冬季仅为7%），且家族间差异很大。生长性状的遗传力值在0.27至0.76之间。性状之间的遗传和表型相关性均为高度正相关，分别在0.57至0.94和0.50至1.00之间。这些发现的意义有三个方面：第一，最佳的养殖条件是在较温暖的月份，此时可以实现最高的生长峰值；第二，如果密切监测谱系结构和近亲繁殖风险，基于大小和家族的选择可以用作早期选择标准；第三，选择体长会导致体高和体重随之增加，而这些性状对水产养殖至关重要。得出的结论是，经济重要性状的遗传改良具有很大潜力，这表明黄尾鰤是用于选育以提高生长性能的一个很有前景的物种。
