Nursing Department, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Sep;30(6):2046-2053. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13661. Epub 2022 May 23.
The aim of this study was to gain insight into factors affecting career adaptability of newly graduated nurses and ways to improve them.
Newly graduated nurses face an important transition from student to professional. Unfortunately, the nurse turnover rate is high due to maladaptation. Factors influencing career adaptability and improvement methods have not been clearly addressed.
Using a descriptive qualitative study with thematic analysis, 15 newly graduated nurses from a tertiary obstetrics and gynaecology teaching hospital in China were interviewed.
Six themes affecting career adaptability were found: personality, self-confidence, occupational care focus, work-related stress, basic professional competency and gap between reality and expectations. Four themes improving career adaptability were identified: strong social support, self-adjustment, self-development and career preparation. Eight subthemes were also identified.
Individual, family and work factors were among those affecting career adaptability among newly graduated nurses. Newly graduated nurses would improve their career adaptability through self-adjustment and social support. Helping them to promote these factors and measures is conducive to improving their career adaptability and reducing staff turnover.
Nurse managers should be aware of the key factors affecting career adaptability among newly graduated nurses and design targeted improvement programmes.
本研究旨在深入了解影响新毕业护士职业适应能力的因素及改善方法。
新毕业护士面临着从学生到专业人员的重要转变。然而，由于适应不良，护士的离职率很高。影响职业适应能力的因素及改善方法尚不清楚。
采用描述性定性研究和主题分析，对中国一家三级妇产科教学医院的 15 名新毕业护士进行了访谈。
发现影响职业适应能力的 6 个主题：个性、自信、职业关注焦点、与工作相关的压力、基本专业能力和现实与期望之间的差距。确定了 4 个提高职业适应能力的主题：强大的社会支持、自我调整、自我发展和职业准备。还确定了 8 个子主题。
个体、家庭和工作因素是影响新毕业护士职业适应能力的因素之一。新毕业护士通过自我调整和社会支持来提高职业适应能力。帮助他们促进这些因素和措施有利于提高他们的职业适应能力，降低员工流失率。
护理管理者应了解影响新毕业护士职业适应能力的关键因素，并设计有针对性的改进方案。
