Zúñiga-Espitia Iván Darío
Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia.
Andes Pediatr. 2021 Dec;92(6):870-878. doi: 10.32641/aodespediatr.v92i6.2160. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
In the hospital setting, pediatric patients can present painful conditions or undergo procedures that generate pain, therefore, recognizing their existence and carrying out a clinical approach to it should be a priority in health care teams.
To characterize the pain and its clinical-therapeutic approach in hospitalized patients in the general ward of a tertiary pediatric healthcare institution.
An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study conducted between August and October 2019. 187 patients were included. Study variables were sex, reason for hospita lization, treating specialty, chronic, current, and in the last 24 hours pain, intensity, maximum cause of pain, and analgesic prescription. The FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale was used in children aged between two months and three years, the revised Faces Pain Scale in children between four and eight years of age, and the self-reported Visual Analogue Scale was used in children from nine years of age onwards. After data analysis with descriptive statistics, differences between groups were calculated with the Chi-square test for qualitative variables, and non-parametric tests for comparison of groups with ordinal variables.
10.7% of the patients had chronic pain, without differences according to sex (p = 0.713). The prevalence of pain at the time of the evaluation was 38.5%, without differences according to sex (p = 0.419). Patients admitted for surgery and trau ma had a higher prevalence of pain (p = 0.034) and 53.5% of the children had an analgesic prescrip tion.
the prevalence of pain in the hospitalized pediatric patients is high. Additionally, high use of non-opioid analgesia and a low prescription of opioid analgesics in the pediatric sphere is reported for the usual management of moderate and severe intensity pain.
在医院环境中，儿科患者可能会出现疼痛状况或接受会引发疼痛的治疗程序，因此，识别疼痛的存在并对其采取临床应对措施应是医疗团队的首要任务。
描述一家三级儿科医疗机构普通病房住院患者的疼痛情况及其临床治疗方法。
2019年8月至10月进行的一项观察性、横断面描述性研究。纳入187名患者。研究变量包括性别、住院原因、治疗专科、慢性疼痛、当前疼痛以及过去24小时内的疼痛、疼痛强度、最大疼痛原因和镇痛处方。两个月至三岁的儿童使用FLACC（面部、腿部、活动、哭闹、安慰度）量表，四岁至八岁的儿童使用修订后的面部疼痛量表，九岁及以上的儿童使用自我报告的视觉模拟量表。在进行描述性统计数据分析后，定性变量采用卡方检验计算组间差异，有序变量组间比较采用非参数检验。
10.7%的患者有慢性疼痛，按性别无差异（p = 0.713）。评估时疼痛的患病率为38.5%，按性别无差异（p = 0.419）。因手术和创伤入院的患者疼痛患病率较高（p = 0.034），53.5%的儿童有镇痛处方。
住院儿科患者疼痛患病率较高。此外，据报道，在儿科领域，对于中度和重度疼痛的常规管理，非阿片类镇痛药的使用频率较高，而阿片类镇痛药的处方量较低。
