Yildiz Ayse, Dickinson Julie, Priego-Hernández Jacqueline, Teeuw Richard
School of the Environment, Geography and Geosciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck College University of London, London, UK.
Risk Anal. 2023 Apr;43(4):747-761. doi: 10.1111/risa.13937. Epub 2022 May 4.
While children are one of the groups at risk in disasters, they can also take an active part in disaster management, provided that the opportunity is given. This research examined the effect of disaster experience, disaster education, country, and city socioeconomic status on children's perceived risk and preparedness with a survey of 1335 children between 11 and 14 years old, in Nepal and Turkey. The survey used questionnaires and the pictorial representation of illness and self measure (PRISM) tool. Results showed that (1) children's risk perceptions were in line with their country-specific objective risks; (2) there were differences between the countries in relation to perception of risk for all the hazards except wildfire; (3) socioeconomic status had a statistically significant effect on children's perceptions of risk and preparedness for earthquakes, wildfires, that is, children who live in wealthier places had higher perceived risk and preparedness; (4) children in both countries showed similar trends in their knowledge of the correct protective actions to take in the event of a hazard occurrence. However, there is still room to enhance children's knowledge, in terms of safety behaviors, as the children selected many incorrect protective actions. There are important implications in terms of child-centered disaster management which hopefully will make life safer and help to create more resilience to disaster in society as a whole.
虽然儿童是灾害中的高危群体之一，但只要给予机会，他们也能积极参与灾害管理。本研究通过对尼泊尔和土耳其1335名11至14岁儿童的调查，考察了灾害经历、灾害教育、国家以及城市社会经济地位对儿童感知风险和准备情况的影响。该调查使用了问卷以及疾病与自我测量的图片表示法（PRISM）工具。结果显示：（1）儿童的风险认知与他们所在国家的特定客观风险相符；（2）除野火外，各国在对所有灾害的风险认知方面存在差异；（3）社会经济地位对儿童对地震、野火的风险认知和准备情况有统计学上的显著影响，即生活在较富裕地区的儿童有更高的风险认知和准备程度；（4）两国儿童在知晓灾害发生时应采取的正确保护行动方面表现出相似趋势。然而，由于儿童选择了许多不正确的保护行动，在安全行为方面，儿童的知识仍有提升空间。这对以儿童为中心的灾害管理具有重要意义，有望使生活更安全，并有助于在整个社会增强对灾害的抵御能力。
