Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1364:95-117. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-91979-5_5.
A new application of ultrasonography has been emerging in the bone quantitative ultrasound arena in the last twenty years: cortical bone characterization using axial transmission ultrasound (ATU). Although challenged by the complicated cortical tissue-ultrasonic wave interaction, ATU has proved to have promising potential to be a valuable diagnostic tool in the assessment of cortical bones. This chapter reviews the main landmarks of axial transmission signal processing in the past decade to provide a guide to the diversity of available techniques. In order to increase the readability of the chapter, the signal processing methods are categorized based on the experimental settings: single and multiple transmitter-receiver configuration. The review considers the key stages required for the analysis of bone guided-wave ultrasound data namely dispersion energy imaging, modal filtering, dispersion curve inversion, and measurement automation with integrated artificial intelligence concepts. Besides discussing the recent signal processing advances in the field of bone assessment by axial transmission, this communication offers developments that might be anticipated in the near future.
在过去的二十年中，超声在骨定量超声领域的一个新应用已经出现：使用轴向透射超声（ATU）进行皮质骨特征描述。尽管受到复杂的皮质组织-超声波相互作用的挑战，但 ATU 已被证明具有很大的潜力成为评估皮质骨的有价值的诊断工具。本章回顾了过去十年中轴向传输信号处理的主要里程碑，为各种可用技术提供了指导。为了提高本章的可读性，根据实验设置对信号处理方法进行了分类：单发射-接收配置和多发射-接收配置。本综述考虑了分析骨导波超声数据所需的关键阶段，即频散能量成像、模态滤波、频散曲线反演以及与人工智能概念集成的测量自动化。除了讨论轴向传输在骨评估领域的最新信号处理进展外，本通讯还提供了在不久的将来可能出现的发展。
