Plant Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychotherapy, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova St., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2022 May 4;27(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s11658-022-00336-6.
The progress of genetic engineering in the 1970s brought about a paradigm shift in genome editing technology. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system is a flexible means to target and modify particular DNA sequences in the genome. Several applications of CRISPR/Cas9 are presently being studied in cancer biology and oncology to provide vigorous site-specific gene editing to enhance its biological and clinical uses. CRISPR's flexibility and ease of use have enabled the prompt achievement of almost any preferred alteration with greater efficiency and lower cost than preceding modalities. Also, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has recently been applied to improve the safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies and defeat tumor cell resistance to conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The current review summarizes the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in cancer therapy. We also discuss the present obstacles and contemplate future possibilities in this context.
20 世纪 70 年代，基因工程的发展带来了基因组编辑技术的范式转变。成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列/CRISPR 相关蛋白 9（CRISPR/Cas9）系统是一种靶向和修饰基因组中特定 DNA 序列的灵活方法。目前正在癌症生物学和肿瘤学中研究 CRISPR/Cas9 的几种应用，以提供有力的靶向基因编辑，增强其生物学和临床用途。CRISPR 的灵活性和易用性使得几乎任何首选的改变都能够以比以前更高的效率和更低的成本迅速实现。此外，CRISPR/Cas9 技术最近已被应用于提高嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T 细胞疗法的安全性和疗效，并克服肿瘤细胞对化疗和放疗等常规治疗的耐药性。本综述总结了 CRISPR/Cas9 在癌症治疗中的应用。我们还讨论了这方面目前存在的障碍和未来的可能性。
