CRISPR-Cas9 在癌症免疫治疗中的应用与进展。

Applications and advances of CRISPR-Cas9 in cancer immunotherapy.

机构信息

Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.

出版信息

J Med Genet. 2019 Jan;56(1):4-9. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105422. Epub 2018 Jul 3.

DOI:10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105422

PMID:29970486

Abstract

Immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising therapeutic strategies in cancer. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system, as an RNA-guided genome editing technology, is triggering a revolutionary change in cancer immunotherapy. With its versatility and ease of use, CRISPR-Cas9 can be implemented to fuel the production of therapeutic immune cells, such as construction of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and programmed cell death protein 1 knockout. Therefore, CRISPR-Cas9 technology holds great promise in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will introduce the origin, development and mechanism of CRISPR-Cas9. Also, we will focus on its various applications in cancer immunotherapy, especially CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy, and discuss the potential challenges it faces.

摘要

免疫疗法已成为癌症治疗中最有前途的策略之一。成簇规律间隔短回文重复（CRISPR）相关蛋白 9（CRISPR-Cas9）系统作为一种 RNA 引导的基因组编辑技术，正在引发癌症免疫疗法的革命性变化。CRISPR-Cas9 凭借其多功能性和易用性，可以用于激发治疗性免疫细胞的产生，如嵌合抗原受体 T（CAR-T）细胞和程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 敲除的构建。因此，CRISPR-Cas9 技术在癌症免疫疗法中具有广阔的应用前景。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 CRISPR-Cas9 的起源、发展和机制。此外，我们将重点介绍其在癌症免疫疗法中的各种应用，特别是基于 CAR-T 细胞的免疫疗法，并讨论它所面临的潜在挑战。