Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, Peking, China.
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Peking, China.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2022 May;26(5):461-477. doi: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2072729. Epub 2022 May 12.
Scavenger receptor A (SR-A) is reported to be involved in innate and adaptive immunity and in recent years, the soluble form of SR-A has also been identified. Intriguingly, SR-A displays double-edged sword features in different diseases. Moreover, targeted therapy on SR-A, including genetic modulation, small molecule inhibitor, inhibitory peptides, fucoidan, and blocking antibodies, provides potential strategies for treatment. Currently, therapeutics targeting SR-A are in preclinical studies and clinical trials, revealing great perspectives in future immunotherapy.
Through searching PubMed (January 1979-March 2022) and clinicaltrials.gov, we review most of the research and clinical trials involving SR-A. This review briefly summarizes recent study advances on SR-A, with particular concern on its role in immunity and autoimmune diseases.
Given the emerging evidence of SR-A in immunity, its targeted therapy has been studied in various diseases, especially autoimmune diseases. However, many challenges still remain to be overcome, such as the double-sworded effects and the specific isoform targeting. For further clinical success of SR-A targeted therapy, the crystal structure illustration and the dual function discrimination of SR-A should be further investigated. Nevertheless, although challenging, targeting SR-A would be a potential effective strategy in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and other immune-related diseases.
清道夫受体 A（SR-A）被报道参与先天免疫和适应性免疫，近年来，也鉴定出了可溶性形式的 SR-A。有趣的是，SR-A 在不同的疾病中表现出双刃剑的特征。此外，针对 SR-A 的靶向治疗，包括基因调节、小分子抑制剂、抑制肽、褐藻糖胶和阻断抗体，为治疗提供了潜在的策略。目前，针对 SR-A 的治疗方法正在进行临床前研究和临床试验，为未来的免疫治疗带来了广阔的前景。
通过搜索 PubMed（1979 年 1 月至 2022 年 3 月）和 clinicaltrials.gov，我们回顾了涉及 SR-A 的大部分研究和临床试验。这篇综述简要总结了最近关于 SR-A 的研究进展，特别关注其在免疫和自身免疫性疾病中的作用。
鉴于 SR-A 在免疫中的新兴证据，其靶向治疗已在各种疾病中进行了研究，特别是在自身免疫性疾病中。然而，仍然存在许多挑战需要克服，例如双刃剑效应和特定的同工型靶向。为了进一步提高 SR-A 靶向治疗的临床疗效，需要进一步研究 SR-A 的晶体结构阐明和双重功能区分。尽管具有挑战性，但靶向 SR-A 将是治疗自身免疫性疾病和其他免疫相关疾病的潜在有效策略。
