Saeed Muhammad, Riaz Aqsa, Intisar Azeem, Iqbal Zafar Mazhar, Fatima Humaria, Howari Haidar, Alhodaib Aiyeshah, Waseem Amir
School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 5;12(1):7362. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11054-6.
The present study encompasses the application of cost effective, organo-modified bentonite material for efficient desulfurization of model oil and real fuel. For the adsorptive desulfurization of oil, dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used as model compound. Various experimental parameters (time, temperature, adsorbent-amount and DBT concentration) were thoroughly investigated. The synthesized material was characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The modification exhibits the increase in interlayer spacing of clay as confirmed from XRD and modified material shows interesting morphology as compared to unmodified bentonite. The results showed that > 90% of DBT removal was achieved under optimized conditions for B-BTC, B-BTB and B-DSS and > 80% for B-BEHA, for model fuel oil which are greater than unmodified clay (< 45%). Additionally, the findings from desulfurization of real fuel oil declare that 96.76% and 95.83% removal efficiency was achieved for kerosene and diesel oil respectively, at optimized conditions and fuel properties follow ASTM specifications. The obtained findings well fitted with thermodynamic, isothermal (Langmuir) with adsorption capacity (70.8 (B-BTC), 66 (B-BTB), 61.2 (B-DSS) and 55.2 (B-BEHA) in mg/g) and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In thermodynamic studies, negative sign ([Formula: see text] specifies the spontaneity whereas, [Formula: see text] endothermic and positive sign [Formula: see text] show randomness after DBT adsorption onto organoclay.
本研究包括应用具有成本效益的有机改性膨润土材料对模拟油和实际燃料进行高效脱硫。对于油的吸附脱硫，使用二苯并噻吩（DBT）作为模型化合物。对各种实验参数（时间、温度、吸附剂用量和DBT浓度）进行了深入研究。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线荧光（XRF）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线（EDX）、热重分析（TGA）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）对合成材料进行了表征。XRD证实改性使粘土的层间距增加，与未改性膨润土相比，改性材料呈现出有趣的形态。结果表明，在优化条件下，B-BTC、B-BTB和B-DSS对模型燃料油中DBT的去除率>90%，B-BEHA的去除率>80%，均高于未改性粘土（<45%）。此外，实际燃料油脱硫的结果表明，在优化条件下，煤油和柴油的去除效率分别达到96.76%和95.83%，且燃料性能符合ASTM规范。所得结果与热力学、等温线（朗缪尔）模型拟合良好，吸附容量分别为70.8（B-BTC）、66（B-BTB）、61.2（B-DSS）和55.2（B-BEHA）mg/g，且符合准二级动力学。在热力学研究中，负号（[公式：见原文]）表明自发性，而[公式：见原文]为吸热，正号[公式：见原文]表明DBT吸附到有机粘土上后体系的随机性。
