Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 311 N. Fifth Street, Camden, NJ, 08102, USA.
Mental Health Counseling and Behavioral Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Jun;10(3):1371-1378. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01322-6. Epub 2022 May 5.
Though mandatory screening for depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period is recommended, postpartum depression is still underdiagnosed and overlooked among Black women. Understanding risk factors during pregnancy and delivery that may increase the risk for postpartum depression is important for Black women. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between perinatal complications (i.e., preterm birth, low birth weight, gestational diabetes, unplanned cesarean section, undesired pregnancy, depression during pregnancy), poor hospital treatment, and postpartum depressive symptoms (i.e., depressed mood, anhedonia, and positive screen on PHQ-2) among Black women. Using the Listening to Mothers III survey, we conducted logistic regression analyses in a nationally representative sample of 368 Black women to examine the relationship between perinatal complications, poor hospital treatment, and positive screen for postpartum depressive symptoms, measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). We also examined these factors in predicting anhedonia and depressed mood. Poor hospital treatment was associated with a positive screen for postpartum depression, anhedonia, and depressed mood. Perinatal complications, when measured continuously, were associated with a positive screen for depression and depressed mood. Gestational diabetes and preterm birth were associated with depressed mood while depression during pregnancy was associated with anhedonia. Perinatal complications during pregnancy and delivery may increase the risk for postpartum depression among Black women. When screening for postpartum depression, it may also be important to inquire about poor hospital treatment and stressors emanating from these experiences.
虽然建议对孕妇和产后期间的抑郁症进行强制性筛查，但黑人妇女的产后抑郁症仍然被漏诊和忽视。了解怀孕期间和分娩期间可能增加产后抑郁症风险的风险因素对于黑人妇女很重要。因此，本研究的目的是检查围产期并发症（即早产、低出生体重、妊娠糖尿病、非计划剖腹产、不期望的怀孕、怀孕期间的抑郁症）与黑人妇女的产后抑郁症状（即情绪低落、快感缺失和 PHQ-2 阳性筛查）之间的关系。我们使用“倾听母亲 III”调查，对 368 名黑人妇女进行了全国代表性样本的逻辑回归分析，以检查围产期并发症、医院治疗不良与产后抑郁症状（PHQ-2 阳性筛查）之间的关系。我们还检查了这些因素对快感缺失和情绪低落的预测作用。医院治疗不良与产后抑郁症、快感缺失和情绪低落的阳性筛查有关。连续测量的围产期并发症与抑郁和情绪低落的阳性筛查有关。妊娠糖尿病和早产与情绪低落有关，而怀孕期间的抑郁症与快感缺失有关。怀孕期间和分娩期间的围产期并发症可能会增加黑人妇女患产后抑郁症的风险。在筛查产后抑郁症时，询问医院治疗不良和这些经历引起的压力源也可能很重要。
