Park Juhyung, Han Dongjun, Choi Seunghwan, Kim Yunkyung, Kwak Jeonghun
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Seoul Seoul 02504 South Korea
Department of Electronics Engineering, Dong-A University Busan 49315 South Korea.
RSC Adv. 2019 Feb 15;9(10):5731-5737. doi: 10.1039/c9ra00341j. eCollection 2019 Feb 11.
Scientific and technological advances in transparent conductive electrodes improve the heating performance of flexible transparent film heaters (TFHs), which can be utilized for various applications as defrosters and heaters. To achieve high performance as well as practical TFHs, several conditions, such as high optical transmittance, low electrical resistance, heating uniformity, and operational stability in various environmental conditions should be satisfied. However, due to the trade-offs between optical transmittance and electrical resistance, it is not easy to fulfill all the requirements concurrently. Here we report flexible TFHs using a ternary composite of silver nanowire (AgNW), conducting polymer (, poly[3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene]:polystyrene sulfonate [PEDOT:PSS]), and a thin conductive oxide (, indium tin oxide [ITO]) layer, exhibiting higher performance in terms of the maximum heating temperature (>110 °C), operational stability, mechanical flexibility, and optical transmittance (95% at 550 nm), compared to pristine AgNW-based TFHs. We also demonstrated the stable operation of the AgNW-PEDOT:PSS/ITO TFHs soaked in water, showing excellent environmental stability. To analyse the fundamental mechanisms for the improved performance of the AgNW-PEDOT:PSS/ITO TFHs, we investigated the progress of joule heating using a device simulator, and found that the improvement originated not only from reduced electrical resistance but also from enhanced heat dissipation with PEDOT:PSS and ITO. We anticipate that our analysis and results will be helpful for further development of practical flexible TFHs.
透明导电电极的科技进步提升了柔性透明薄膜加热器（TFH）的加热性能，这种加热器可用于除霜器和加热器等各种应用。为了实现高性能以及实用的TFH，需要满足几个条件，如高透光率、低电阻、加热均匀性以及在各种环境条件下的运行稳定性。然而，由于透光率和电阻之间的权衡，要同时满足所有要求并非易事。在此，我们报道了一种使用银纳米线（AgNW）、导电聚合物（聚[3,4 - 乙撑二氧噻吩]：聚苯乙烯磺酸盐[PEDOT:PSS]）和薄导电氧化物（氧化铟锡[ITO]）层的三元复合材料制成的柔性TFH，与原始的基于AgNW的TFH相比，在最高加热温度（>110°C）、运行稳定性、机械柔韧性和透光率（550nm处为95%）方面表现出更高的性能。我们还展示了浸泡在水中的AgNW - PEDOT:PSS/ITO TFH的稳定运行，显示出优异的环境稳定性。为了分析AgNW - PEDOT:PSS/ITO TFH性能提升的基本机制，我们使用器件模拟器研究了焦耳热的过程，发现性能提升不仅源于电阻降低，还源于PEDOT:PSS和ITO增强的散热。我们预计我们的分析和结果将有助于实用柔性TFH的进一步发展。
