Khanal Santosh, Lu Yunhua, Dang Li, Ali Muhammad, Xu Shiai
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Kathmandu Nepal.
RSC Adv. 2020 Aug 21;10(51):30990-31002. doi: 10.1039/d0ra04929h. eCollection 2020 Aug 17.
The combination of synergistic agents with intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) is an excellent strategy for the development of high-performance flame retardant composites. Zirconium-based compounds are multifunctional materials with applications in various fields. In this study, zirconium-based compounds were synthesized and then combined with an IFR composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate (THEIC) to prepare flame retardant high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. α-Zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) and two organic-inorganic hybrids (zirconium organophosphonate), Zr-ATMP and Zr-PA, were prepared using amino tri (methylene phosphonic acid) (ATMP) and phytic acid (PA), respectively, and their thermal, mechanical and flame retardant properties were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, tensile test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurement and cone calorimetry test. The results showed that the LOI value of HD/IFR/Zr-ATMP composite reached a maximum of 26.2% using 25 wt% of flame retardant containing 3 wt% of Zr-ATMP. Of the three zirconium-based compounds, Zr-ATMP and α-ZrP can reduce the peak heat release rate compared with the composite containing only IFR. However, zirconium-based compounds showed no significant improvement of tensile strength.
协同剂与膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）相结合是开发高性能阻燃复合材料的一种出色策略。锆基化合物是具有多种功能的材料，在各个领域都有应用。在本研究中，合成了锆基化合物，然后将其与由聚磷酸铵（APP）和三（2-羟乙基）异氰脲酸酯（THEIC）组成的IFR相结合，制备了阻燃高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）复合材料。分别使用氨基三亚甲基膦酸（ATMP）和植酸（PA）制备了α-磷酸锆（α-ZrP）和两种有机-无机杂化物（有机膦酸锆）Zr-ATMP和Zr-PA，并通过热重分析、拉伸试验、极限氧指数（LOI）测量和锥形量热试验对它们的热性能、力学性能和阻燃性能进行了表征。结果表明，使用含3 wt% Zr-ATMP的25 wt%阻燃剂时，HD/IFR/Zr-ATMP复合材料的LOI值最高达到26.2%。在这三种锆基化合物中，与仅含IFR的复合材料相比，Zr-ATMP和α-ZrP可以降低峰值热释放速率。然而，锆基化合物对拉伸强度没有显著改善。
