Yan Huiqiong, Bao Chaoling, Chen Xiuqiong, Yu Changjiang, Kong Dulin, Shi Jianjun, Lin Qiang
Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 Hainan P. R. China
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 Hainan P. R. China.
RSC Adv. 2019 Apr 15;9(21):11649-11658. doi: 10.1039/c9ra00591a. eCollection 2019 Apr 12.
Although several approaches have been reported on the development of nanoemulsions over the last few years, studies on the formation of biodiesel nanoemulsions for bifenthrin formulation by the low-energy phase inversion composition (PIC) method are still scarce. Herein, the preparation of oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions suitable for pesticide application has been achieved in biodiesel by dissolving a bifenthrin/mixture of a non-ionic surfactant (NP-6) and an anionic surfactant (ABSCa)/water system by the PIC method. The mechanism of the formation of bifenthrin nanoemulsions by dripping the water phase into the oil-surfactant phase was exemplified the pseudo-ternary phase diagram. The effects of the mass ratio of NP-6 and ABSCa, mR, stirring rate, the addition rate of water and the emulsification temperature on the mean droplet size of the nanoemulsion were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS). In addition, the interfacial tension and the contact angle of bifenthrin nanoemulsions for the spraying application were investigated. The insecticidal activity of bifenthrin nanoemulsions against cabbage maggots was further studied. Moreover, the emulsion stability of the bifenthrin nanoemulsions against Ostwald ripening behavior was evaluated, and the long-term stability of the bifenthrin formulation was studied by the HPLC method to assess the shelf life of the pesticide formulation. Experimental results showed that the optimum emulsification conditions for the mass ratio of NP-6 and ABSCa, mR, stirring rate, the addition rate of water and the emulsification temperature were respectively 5/5, 1.4, 8000 rpm, 0.7 mL min and 25 °C. The bifenthrin nanoemulsion with low interfacial tension and contact angle, easy adsorption on plant leaf surfaces and good shelf life has great potential for use as a pesticide formulation.
尽管在过去几年里已经报道了几种制备纳米乳液的方法，但通过低能相转变组成（PIC）法制备用于联苯菊酯制剂的生物柴油纳米乳液的研究仍然很少。在此，通过PIC法将联苯菊酯/非离子表面活性剂（NP-6）和阴离子表面活性剂（ABSCa）的混合物/水体系溶解在生物柴油中，成功制备了适用于农药应用的水包油（O/W）纳米乳液。通过将水相滴入油-表面活性剂相中形成联苯菊酯纳米乳液的机制以拟三元相图为例进行了说明。通过动态光散射（DLS）研究了NP-6与ABSCa的质量比mR、搅拌速率、水的添加速率和乳化温度对纳米乳液平均液滴尺寸的影响。此外，还研究了联苯菊酯纳米乳液用于喷雾应用时的界面张力和接触角。进一步研究了联苯菊酯纳米乳液对白菜蝇蛆的杀虫活性。此外，评估了联苯菊酯纳米乳液对奥氏熟化行为的乳液稳定性，并通过HPLC法研究了联苯菊酯制剂的长期稳定性，以评估农药制剂的保质期。实验结果表明，NP-6与ABSCa的质量比mR、搅拌速率、水的添加速率和乳化温度的最佳乳化条件分别为5/5、1.4、8000 rpm、0.7 mL min和25℃。具有低界面张力和接触角、易于吸附在植物叶片表面且保质期良好的联苯菊酯纳米乳液作为农药制剂具有巨大的应用潜力。
