Li Xiaofeng, Wang Yi, Xie Xiaomin, Huang Changhong, Yang Sen
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P. R. China
RSC Adv. 2019 Mar 19;9(16):9041-9048. doi: 10.1039/c8ra10465d. eCollection 2019 Mar 15.
This work prepared carbonaceous microspheres by hydrothermal carbonization of yeast cells followed by sulfonation with concentrated sulphuric acid (98%) at room temperature. The obtained carbonaceous product (CM-SOH) had a high acid density (1.80 mmol g). We evaluated CM-SOH as a solid catalyst for the dehydration of fructose-based carbohydrates to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM][Cl]). The effects of the catalyst and substrate loadings as well as the reaction temperature and time on the yield of 5-HMF were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, a 5-HMF yield of up to 83.5% was obtained from fructose with a reaction temperature of 80 °C for 30 min. Furthermore, 44.8% and 59.2% 5-HMF yields were obtained from sucrose (80 °C for 30 min) and inulin (80 °C for 60 min), respectively. CM-SOH and [BMIM][Cl] showed high stability and could be recycled between five and eight times without significant loss of catalytic activity. More importantly, the catalytic system could be applied to high substrate concentrations. CM-SOH combined with [BMIM][Cl] is a promising system for transforming fructose-based carbohydrates into 5-HMF.
本研究通过对酵母细胞进行水热碳化，然后在室温下用浓硫酸（98%）磺化，制备了碳质微球。所得到的碳质产物（CM-SOH）具有较高的酸密度（1.80 mmol g）。我们评估了CM-SOH作为一种固体催化剂，用于在离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐（[BMIM][Cl]）中将基于果糖的碳水化合物脱水生成5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）。研究了催化剂和底物负载量以及反应温度和时间对5-HMF产率的影响。在最佳条件下，果糖在80℃反应30分钟时，5-HMF产率高达83.5%。此外，蔗糖（80℃反应30分钟）和菊粉（80℃反应60分钟）的5-HMF产率分别为44.8%和59.2%。CM-SOH和[BMIM][Cl]表现出高稳定性，可循环使用五至八次而催化活性无显著损失。更重要的是，该催化体系可应用于高底物浓度。CM-SOH与[BMIM][Cl]组合是将基于果糖的碳水化合物转化为5-HMF的一种有前景的体系。
